Table 3.
Availability of outdoor play space at ECEC on MVPA
| Study ID | Study Design | Sample size | Risk of bias | MVPA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gubbels 2018 [55] | Cross-sectional | 281 | Low | ■ |
| Olesen 2013 [56] | Cross-sectional | 426 | Low | ▲ |
| Stephens 2014 [57] | Cross-sectional | 491 | Low | ▲ |
| Zhang 2021a [58] | Cross-sectional | 242 | High | ▲ |
| Summary effect direction | ▲ | |||
Abbreviations: MVPA Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. a = preschoolers only
Effect direction: Study level: ▲ = availability of outdoor play space benefits outcomes (higher physical activity); ■ = (summary) statistics not presented
Summary: ▲ = studies show a positive association with availability of outdoor play space at ECEC