Table 2.
Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scores of the 15 included studies.
| References | Scores | Methodological quality | PEDro item number | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | |||
| Schmitz-Hübsch et al. (2006) | 8 | Good | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Hackney and Earhart (2008) | 6 | Good | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Li et al. (2012) | 8 | Good | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Amano et al. (2013) | 6 | Good | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Choi et al. (2013) | 6 | Good | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Gao et al. (2014) | 7 | Good | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Zhang et al. (2015) | 8 | Good | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Xiao and Zhuang (2016) | 7 | Good | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Xiao et al. (2016) | 5 | Fair | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Liu et al. (2016) | 4 | Fair | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Lee et al. (2018) | 7 | Good | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Kurt et al. (2018) | 6 | Good | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Vergara-Diaz et al. (2018) | 6 | Good | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Wan et al. (2021) | 5 | Fair | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Li et al. (2022) | 7 | Good | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Studies were classified as having excellent (9–10), good (6–8), fair (4–5), or poor (< 4). 0: does not meet the criteria; 1: meets the criteria. Criteria (without eligibility criteria) were used to calculate the total PEDro score; Item 1 = Eligibility criteria; Item 2 = Random sequence; Item 3 = Allocation concealment; Item 4 = Similar at baseline; Item 5 = Subjects blinded; Item 6 = Therapists blinded; Item 7 = Assessors blinded; Item 8 = < 15% dropouts; Item 9 = Intention-to-treat analysis; Item 10 = Between-group comparisons; Item 11 = Point measures and variability data.