Table 8.

Minimum, Mean (With 95$\%$ CI, Confidence Intervals), and Maximum 4.5 Ga Values From the Monte Carlo Simulations, for Earth‐Moon System Parameters ^a

Parameter	Units	Present‐day	4.5 Ga Min.	4.5 Ga Mean (95$\%$ CI)	4.5 Ga Max.
$2\pi /{\omega }_E$	hr	23.93	11.40	13.00 (12.95,13.05)	15.54
$\epsilon$	° (degrees)	23.27	16.47	18.13 (18.08, 18.18)	20.51
$a$	R	60.27	44.00	45.62 (45.56, 45.67)	49.62
$2\pi /n$	days	27.32	17.03	17.98 (17.95, 18.01)	20.40
$e$	–	0.0549	0.0714	0.0915 (0.0910, 0.0920)	0.1128
$i$	° (degrees)	5.145	7.443	15.18 (14.92, 15.49)	26.39
$I$	° (degrees)	1.570	5.070	12.69 (12.51, 12.85)	16.61
$2\pi /[d\overline{\omega }/dt]$	years	8.864	14.16	17.12 (17.07, 17.16)	18.49
$‐2\pi /[d\mathrm{\Omega }/dt]$	years	18.64	24.61	27.82 (27.77, 27.86)	29.29
$\xi$	–	0.0226	0.1281	0.3913 (0.3853, 0.3967)	0.5320
$K_{Moon}/C_{Moon}$	${\mathrm{10}}^{-14}$ radians/second	9.67	41.46	111.5 (110.1, 113.0)	146.0
$2\pi /[d\psi /dt]$	kiloyears	26.0	6.905	7.880 (7.842, 7.920)	10.86
${\mathrm{M}}_2$ dissipation	TW	2.514	0.8359	2.689 (2.635, 2.745)	4.773
${\mathrm{M}}_2$ ocean k $\sin \chi$	–	0.0237	0.0011	0.0027 (0.0026, 0.0028)	0.0060
${\mathrm{M}}_2$ ocean $Q_E$	–	12.74	50.53	111.8 (109.7, 114.0)	279.0

^a Present‐day values are provided in the third column.