Figure 6.

Optical modulation of DRG activity with dispersed Ti₃C₂T_x flakes. (A) Schematic of DRG neuron network and dispersed Ti₃C₂T_x flake interface. (B) Bright field image and time series fluorescence images of a representative DRG neuron labeled with a Ca²⁺ indicator (CalBryte 520 AM). A 635 nm laser pulse of 18 mW power and 1 ms pulse duration was applied at t = 5.0 s. Red arrow indicates the laser target spot. The white circles denote the ROIs for fluorescence intensity analysis. Scale bars are 20 μm. (C) Normalized Ca²⁺ fluorescence intensity as a function of time for the ROIs marked in B. Red arrow denotes the starting point of the applied laser pulse (t = 5.0 s).