Figure 3.
(a) Proportion of females expressing 4 versus the standard 3 spermathecae as a function of growth rate (expressed as fresh body mass/development time ± individual SD; y = 0.743x−0.195, R 2 = .965, p < .001, total N = 1487 females; descriptive regression line based on means). (b) Comparison of age and size (mass) at maturity for females with 4 versus 3 spermathecae (dark vs. light symbols, respectively). Symbol color indicates rearing temperature: blue = 15°C, red = 23°C; symbol shape indicates dung treatment: large square = ad libitum, small square = restricted, triangle = ad libitum + ivermectin [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]