Table 2.
Cause of death for patients diagnosed with prostate cancers between 1975 and 2016 in SEER 18 registries.
| Causes of death | Patients with prostate cancer | General population | SMR a (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of observed deaths (%) | Mortality rates (per 100,000 person-years) | No. of expected deaths (%) | Mortality rates (per 100,000 person-years) | ||
| All causes of death | 501,288 (100.0%) | 5,476.8 | |||
| Prostate cancer | 137,188 (27.4%) | 1,499.4 | |||
| Other cancers | 78,336 (15.6%) | 856.2 | |||
| Non-cancer causes | 285,764 (57.0%) | 3,121.2 | 196,452.0 | 2,145.7 | 1.45 (1.45-1.46) |
| Infectious | 19,362 (3.9%) | 211.6 | 12,703.7 | 138.8 | 1.52 (1.50-1.55) |
| Pneumonia and Influenza | 12,410 (2.5%) | 135.6 | 7,304.6 | 79.8 | 1.70 (1.67-1.73) |
| Tuberculosis | 126 (0.0%) | 1.4 | 184.0 | 2.0 | 0.68 (0.57-0.82) |
| Septicemia | 4,535 (0.9%) | 49.6 | 3,047.6 | 33.3 | 1.49 (1.45-1.53) |
| Other infectious and parasitic diseases including HIV |
2,291 (0.5%) | 25.0 | 2,163.4 | 23.6 | 1.06 (1.02-1.10) |
| Cardiovascular diseases | 151,555 (30.2%) | 1,656.4 | 111,505.4 | 1,218.7 | 1.36 (1.35-1.37) |
| Diseases of heart | 117,857 (23.5%) | 1,288.1 | 89,072.7 | 973.5 | 1.32 (1.32-1.33) |
| Hypertension without heart disease |
3,916 (0.8%) | 42.8 | 1,759.1 | 19.2 | 2.23 (2.16-2.30) |
| Cerebrovascular diseases | 23,516 (4.7%) | 257.0 | 15,577.6 | 170.3 | 1.51 (1.49-1.53) |
| Atherosclerosis | 2,407 (0.5%) | 26.3 | 1,438.1 | 15.7 | 1.67 (1.61-1.74) |
| Aortic aneurysm and dissection | 2,425 (0.5%) | 26.5 | 2,547.2 | 27.8 | 0.95 (0.91-0.99) |
| Other diseases of arteries, arterioles, capillaries |
1,434 (0.3%) | 15.7 | 1,110.4 | 12.1 | 1.29 (1.23-1.36) |
| Respiratory diseases | 21,194 (4.2%) | 231.6 | 15,927.2 | 174.1 | 1.33 (1.31-1.35) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and allied cond |
21,194 (4.2%) | 231.6 | 15,927.2 | 174.1 | 1.33 (1.31-1.35) |
| Gastrointestinal diseases | 3,047 (0.6%) | 33.3 | 4,105.9 | 44.9 | 0.74 (0.72-0.77) |
| Stomach and duodenal ulcers | 821 (0.2%) | 9.0 | 598.7 | 6.5 | 1.37 (1.28-1.47) |
| Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis | 2,226 (0.4%) | 24.3 | 3,507.1 | 38.3 | 0.63 (0.61-0.66) |
| Renal diseases | 6,622 (1.3%) | 72.4 | 4,104.2 | 44.9 | 1.61 (1.58-1.65) |
| Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis |
6,622 (1.3%) | 72.4 | 4,104.2 | 44.9 | 1.61 (1.58-1.65) |
| External injuries | 12,302 (2.5%) | 134.5 | 9,724.5 | 106.3 | 1.27 (1.24-1.29) |
| Accidents and adverse effects | 8,990 (1.8%) | 98.3 | 6,761.7 | 73.9 | 1.33 (1.30-1.36) |
| Suicide and self-Inflicted injury | 3,042 (0.6%) | 33.2 | 2,450.8 | 26.8 | 1.24 (1.20-1.29) |
| Homicide and legal intervention | 270 (0.1%) | 3.0 | 510.3 | 5.6 | 0.53 (0.47-0.60) |
| Other non-cancer causes | 71,656 (14.3%) | 783.2 | 38,370.0 | 419.4 | 1.87 (1.85-1.88) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 9,741 (1.9%) | 106.5 | 7,830.2 | 85.6 | 1.24 (1.22-1.27) |
| Alzheimers | 10,634 (2.1%) | 116.2 | 2,710.8 | 29.6 | 3.92 (3.85-4.00) |
| Congenital anomalies | 289 (0.1%) | 3.2 | 265.3 | 2.9 | 1.09 (0.97-1.22) |
| Symptoms, signs and ill-defined conditions |
3,138 (0.6%) | 34.3 | 2,156.9 | 23.6 | 1.45 (1.40-1.51) |
| Other cause of death | 47,854 (9.5%) | 523.0 | 25,400.8 | 277.6 | 1.88 (1.87-1.90) |
a
SMR is estimated as the ratio of observed deaths to expected deaths. In terms of age, sex, and year of diagnosis, the SMR reference population was the specific category in the US subpopulation from 1975 through 2016. For race/ethnicity, the specific race/ethnicity codes (white, black, American Indian or Alaska Native, and Asianor Pacific Islander) were used. The calculating of SMR is based on the hypothesis that the general population is cancer-free, thus the expected deaths and SMR for prostate cancer and other cancers cannot be calculated.