Table 1. Descriptive characteristics of the US adults with a history of congestive heart failure (NHANES 2007–2014).
| NHANES 2007–2014 | |
|---|---|
| Unweighted n | 711 |
| Weighted n | 5,085,409 |
| Weighted %a | 2.32 (2.05, 2.59) |
| Years since the first diagnose with HF | |
| Mean (years) | 8.96 (8.09, 9.83) |
| <5 years | 36.38 (30.54, 42.21) |
| ≥5 years | 63.62 (57.79, 69.46) |
| Age | |
| Mean (years) | 65.54 (64.24, 66.83) |
| <65 years | 38.47 (33.14, 43.79) |
| ≥65 years | 61.54 (56.21, 66.86) |
| Sex | |
| Male | 49.12 (44.19, 54.05) |
| Female | 50.88 (45.95, 55.81) |
| Race/ethnicity | |
| Non–Hispanic white | 70.89 (65.94, 75.84) |
| Non–Hispanic black | 15.39 (11.94, 18.84) |
| Mexican American | 4.62 (2.25, 6.99) |
| Others | 9.10 (6.10, 12.11) |
| Education level | |
| <High school | 30.91 (26.24, 35.59) |
| High school | 26.59 (22.79, 30.38) |
| ≥College or above | 42.50 (37.72, 47.28) |
| Household income | |
| <$25k | 40.06 (34.97, 45.14) |
| $25k - <$75k | 47.40 (41.65, 53.15) |
| ≥$75k | 12.54 (8.70, 16.39) |
| Marital status | |
| Married or partner | 57.29 (52.00, 62.59) |
| Smoking status | |
| Currently smoking | 19.69 (15.33, 24.06) |
| Body mass index | |
| <25 kg/m2 | 24.41 (20.32, 28.49) |
| 25–29.9 kg/m2 | 24.54 (20.70, 28.38) |
| ≥30 kg/m2 | 51.06 (45.66, 56.45) |
| Chronic medical conditions (yes) | |
| Coronary heart disease | 35.56 (31.06, 40.07) |
| Cancer | 24.44 (19.58, 29.29) |
| High blood pressure | 77.57 (73.62, 81.52) |
| High cholesterol | 63.30 (58.44, 68.17) |
| Diabetes | 38.93 (34.13, 43.73) |
| Walking difficulty score (Mean; 95% CI) b | 1.49 (1.43, 1.57) |
| HF medications (yes) | 83.49 (79.68, 87.31) |
| Beta blockers | 62.38 (57.56, 67.21) |
| ACEI or ARBNI | 36.55 (31.63, 41.46) |
| Aldosterone antagonist | 7.55 (5.07, 10.02) |
| Vasodilators | 8.89 (6.46, 11.32) |
| Diuretics | 48.84 (43.47, 54.21) |
HF = heart failure; CI = confidence interval; ACEI = angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARBNI = angiotensin II receptor blocker neprilysin inhibitor
Values the percentage (95% CI) unless otherwise specified.
a the weighted proportion of the individuals with HF among the US adults
b walking difficulty score is an average score of the three self-reported questions with 4-points Likert type scale.