TABLE 3.
Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for high risk of cardiovascular disease according to social jetlag, sociodemographic, lifestyle, sleep, and occupational features
| Variables | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | Model 5 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | |
|
Social jetlag hours |
1.18 (1.01–1.39) | .037 | 1.23 (1.03–1.45) | .019 | 1.28 (1.06–1.54) | .009 | 1.25 (1.03–1.51) | .022 | 1.31 (1.02–1.68) | .033 |
| Sex | ||||||||||
| Female | ‐ | ‐ | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
| Male | ‐ | ‐ | 0.68 (0.37–1.24) | .206 | 0.62 (0.31–1.25) | .185 | 0.58 (0.29–1.19) | .140 | 0.46 (0.20–1.06) | .070 |
| Age, years | ||||||||||
| ≤25 | ‐ | ‐ | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
| 25–40 | ‐ | ‐ | 1.99 (0.80–4.98) | .139 | 1.97 (0.74–5.19) | .173 | 1.84 (0.69–4.94) | .227 | 2.42 (0.78–7.54) | .126 |
| ≥40 | ‐ | ‐ | 4.83 (1.90–12.30) | .001 | 4.93 (1.79–13.61) | .002 | 4.51 (1.61–12.61) | .004 | 6.10 (1.66–22.34) | .006 |
| Education, years of school | ‐ | ‐ | 0.87 (0.76–0.98) | .027 | 0.88 (0.77–1.01) | .071 | 0.88 (0.77–1.01) | .063 | 0.85 (0.73–0.99) | .041 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | ||||||||||
| <25 | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||
| ≥25 | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | 0.63 (0.32–1.20) | .186 | 0.57 (0.28–1.16) | .121 | 0.47 (0.22–1.02) | .057 |
| Exercise, min/week | ||||||||||
| ≥150 | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||
| <150 | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | 6.50 (1.77–23.85) | .005 | 6.65 (1.83–24.14) | .004 | 4.61 (1.25–16.97) | .022 |
| Alcohol, drink/day | ||||||||||
| ≤1 | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||
| >1 | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | 0.87 (0.29–2.56) | .800 | 0.73 (0.24–2.23) | .581 | 1.05 (0.30–3.68) | .937 |
| Caffeine, drinks/day | ||||||||||
| ≤3 | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||
| >3 | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | 3.29 (1.65–6.56) | .001 | 3.46 (1.70–7.03) | .001 | 2.37 (1.09–5.12) | .029 |
| SQua | ||||||||||
| ≥Good | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| ≤Poor | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | 0.66 (0.31–1.39) | .275 | 0.64 (0.29–1.43) | .275 |
| SDur workdays, hr | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | 0.79 (0.61–1.03) | .081 | 0.82 (0.62–1.09) | .179 |
| Schedule | ||||||||||
| Morning | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | Ref. | |
| Evening | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | 1.51 (0.60–3.78) | .380 |
| Night | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | 1.03 (0.26–4.05) | .963 |
| Seniority, years of contract | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | 0.98 (0.92–1.06) | .678 |
| Productivity, per each 1,000 | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | 0.95 (0.91–0.99) | .027 |
Abbreviations: AIC, Akaike’s Information Criterion; AUC, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve; BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; HL, Hosmer and Lemeshow test; OR, odds ratio; Ref., reference category; SDur, sleep duration; SQua, sleep quality.
Statistically significant associations are presented in bold (p < .05). Model l (unadjusted): Social Jetlag (n = 301; AIC = 180,125; AUC = 0.575; HL = 0.594); Model 2: Social jetlag adjusted for sex, age (≤25, 25–40, ≥40 years) and education (years of school) (n = 301; AIC = 277.845; AUC = 0.724; HL = 0.969); Model 3: Model 2 plus BMI (<25, ≥25 kg/m2), exercise (≥150, <150 min/week), alcohol (≤1, >1 drink/day) and caffeine (<3, >3 drinks/day) (n = 275; AIC = 249.933; AUC = 0.783; HL = 0.524); Model 4: Model 3 plus sleep quality (≥good, ≤bad), sleep duration on work days (n = 275; AIC = 250.454; AUC = 0.795; HL = 0.847); Model 5 (final model): Model 4 plus work schedule (early, evening, night), seniority (years of contract) and productivity (per each 1,000 items/month) (n = 239; AIC = 227.695; AUC = 0.800; HL = 0.603). High risk of cardiovascular disease: Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) ≥3.