Table 2. Base case and probabilistic sensitivity analyses for PPI vs TIF 2.0 vs LNF.
| Base case analysis – low-dose omeprazole | PPI strategy | TIF strategy | LNF strategy |
| Cost (US) | $ 10,931.49 | $ 13,978.63 | $ 17,658.47 |
| Effectiveness (QALY) | 8.43 | 8.73 | 8.67 |
| Incremental cost-effectiveness (ICER) | – | $ 10,423.17 /QALY | Dominated |
| Net monetary benefit (NMB) | $ 832,487.85 | $ 858,674.99 | $ 849,824.33 |
| Probabilistic sensitivity analysis | PPI strategy | TIF strategy | LNF strategy |
| Cost (US) | $ 10,929.72 ± 2,831.77 | $ 13,979.95 ± 1,051.50 | $ 17,658.77 ± 807.35 |
| Effectiveness (QALY) | 8.43 ± 0.35 | 8.73 ± 0.03 | 8.67 ± 0.03 |
| Net monetary benefit (NMB) | $ 832,284.31 ± 34,744.38 | $ 858,678.24 ± 3,744.46 | $ 849,822.54 ± 3,573.07 |
| Lifetime time horizon | PPI strategy | TIF strategy | LNF strategy |
| Cost (US) | $ 35,915.83 | $ 27,799.08 | $ 28,789.17 |
| Effectiveness (QALY) | 27.71 | 29.93 | 29.92 |
| Incremental cost-effectiveness (ICER) | Dominated | – | Dominated |
| Net monetary benefit (NMB) | $ 2,735,169.67 | $ 2,965,359.61 | $ 2,962,914.28 |
| Maximum dose omeprazole – 10-year time horizon | PPI strategy | TIF strategy | LNF strategy |
| Cost (US) | $ 31,161.86 | $ 18,820.09 | $ 22,020.45 |
| Effectiveness (QALY) | 8.43 | 8.73 | 8.67 |
| Incremental cost-effectiveness (ICER) | Dominated | – | Dominated |
| Net monetary benefit (NMB) | $ 812,257.48 | $ 853,833.53 | $ 853,833.53 |
| Maximum dose omeprazole – lifetime time horizon | PPI strategy | TIF strategy | LNF strategy |
| Cost (US) | $ 102,383.44 | $ 58,217.34 | $ 53,750.17 |
| Effectiveness (QALY) | 27.71 | 29.93 | 29.92 |
| Incremental cost-effectiveness (ICER) | Dominated | $ 306,969.43 /QALY | – |
| Net monetary benefit (NMB) | $ 2,668,702.06 | $ 2,934,941.36 | $ 2,937,953.28 |
PPI, proton pump inhibitor; TIF, transoral incisionless fundoplication; LNF, laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication; QALY, quality-adjusted life year; NMB, net monetary benefit; ICER, incremental cost-effectiveness ratio.