Table 2.

Odds ratios and 95% CI for baseline factors by Hepatitis B surface antigen status.

	N cases	Model 1a		Model 2b
		OR (95% CI)	P-valuec	OR (95% CI)	P-valuec
Age, years
≥ 60	2611	Ref	< 0.001	Ref	< 0.001
50–59	4587	1.44 (1.37–1.51)		1.14 (1.05–1.24)
40–49	5390	1.80 (1.71–1.88)		1.33 (1.20–1.47)
< 40	2964	2.03 (1.93–2.15)		1.48 (1.32–1.66)
Gender
Men vs. women	7176	1.28 (1.24–1.32)	< 0.001	1.40 (1.34–1.46)	< 0.001
Study area
Urban vs. rural	7962	1.35 (1.31–1.40)	< 0.001	1.55 (1.47–1.62)	< 0.001
Birth cohort
< 1940	1146	Ref	< 0.001	Ref	< 0.001
1940–49	2573	1.15 (1.02–1.30)		1.28 (1.18–1.39)
1950–59	5175	1.32 (1.13–1.54)		1.64 (1.48–1.83)
1960 onward	6658	1.37 (1.15–1.65)		1.75 (1.55–1.98)
Education
High school or above	3373	Ref	< 0.001	Ref	< 0.001
Primary or middle school	9746	1.16 (1.11–1.21)		1.08 (1.03–1.13)
No formal education	2433	1.25 (1.17–1.34)		1.15 (1.07–1.23)
Occupation
Agricultural	5738	Ref		Ref
Factory worker	2954	1.01 (0.95–1.07)		1.07 (1.00–1.14)
Administrative or professional	1704	0.83 (0.78–0.89)		0.94 (0.87–1.00)
Retired	2239	0.99 (0.92–1.06)		1.07 (1.00–1.16)
Otherd	2917	0.99 (0.94–1.05)		1.02 (0.96–1.08)
Household income, Yuan
< 10,000	3725	Ref	< 0.001	Ref	< 0.01
10,000–19,999	4603	0.94 (0.90–0.99)		0.97 (0.92–1.02)
≥ 20,000	7224	0.86 (0.82–0.90)		0.93 (0.88–0.98)
Household size
≤ 2 people	2569	Ref	< 0.001	Ref	0.10
3 people	4735	0.98 (0.93–1.03)		1.01 (0.96–1.07)
≥ 4 people	8248	1.01 (0.96–1.06)		1.04 (0.99–1.10)
Household fridge, years
No fridge	6715	Ref	< 0.001	Ref	< 0.001
1–9	3786	0.94 (0.90–0.98)		0.97 (0.93–1.02)
10–19	3655	0.85 (0.81–0.90)		0.91 (0.86–0.96)
≥ 20	1396	0.79 (0.74–0.85)		0.87 (0.81–0.93)
Current smokere
Yes vs. no	5552	1.02 (0.97–1.07)	0.47	1.02 (0.97–1.07)	0.43
Alcohol intakef
Abstainer	7192	Ref	< 0.001	Ref	< 0.001
Occasional intake	4709	0.84 (0.81–0.88)		0.87 (0.83–0.91)
Ever-regular intake	3651	0.86 (0.81–0.90)		0.89 (0.84–0.93)
Physical activity tertile
Bottom tertile	4910	Ref	0.93	Ref	0.80
Middle tertile	5057	0.95 (0.92–1.00)		1.00 (0.95–1.05)
Top tertile	5585	0.98 (0.94–1.02)		0.99 (0.94–1.05)
Regular fruit intakeg
Yes vs. no	4284	0.96 (0.93–1.00)	0.08	1.03 (0.99–1.07)	0.15
BMI groups, kg/m2
Underweight [< 18.50]	718	1.16 (1.07–1.25)	< 0.001	1.11 (1.03–1.20)	< 0.001
Normal [18.5– < 25]	9963	Ref		Ref
Overweight [≥ 25– < 30]	4258	0.91 (0.88–0.95)		0.92 (0.89–0.95)
Obese [≥ 30]	613	0.98 (0.90–1.07)		0.97 (0.89–1.06)
Blood transfusion
Yes vs. no	759	1.12 (1.04–1.21)	< 0.01	1.11 (1.03–1.19)	< 0.01
Self-rated health
Good	6760	Ref	< 0.001	Ref	< 0.001
Fair	7079	1.14 (1.10–1.18)		1.12 (1.09–1.16)
Poor	1713	1.35 (1.27–1.42)		1.29 (1.22–1.37)

BMI, body mass index; MET, metabolic equivalent of task; NS, not significant.

^aAdjusted for age in 5-year categories, sex and study site (ten sites) where possible, ^bAdjusted for age in 5-year categories, sex and study site (ten sites), birth cohort, education, occupation, household income, number of years with a household fridge, alcohol intake, history of blood transfusion, body mass index and self-rated health where possible, ^cp_trend presented for ordered categorical variables, ^dOther occupation includes house-wife/husband, self-employed, unemployed, other or not-stated, ^eSmoking: Current smoker includes those reporting occasional or current smoking. ^fAlcohol: ever-regular includes participants reporting monthly, reduced intake, weekly or ex-regular alcohol intake. ^gRegular fruit intake includes participants report intake 4 or more times per week.