Table 3.
Standardized indirect effects on child growth and development through child illness, child diet, and maternal stimulation.a.
| Standardized coefficient (bias-corrected bootstrapped 95% CI) | |
|---|---|
| Height-for-age Z-score | |
| Preceding birth interval ≥33 months → Child illness → Height-for-age Z-score | 0.002 (−0.001, 0.005) |
| Preceding birth interval ≥33 months → Child dietary diversity → Height-for-age Z-score | 0.000 (−0.001, 0.002) |
| Cognitive development on track | |
| Preceding birth interval ≥33 months → Child illness → Cognitive development on track | 0.000 (−0.003, 0.000) |
| Preceding birth interval ≥33 months → Child dietary diversity → Cognitive development on track | 0.000 (−0.001, 0.003) |
| Preceding birth interval ≥33 months → Number of maternal stimulation activities → Cognitive development on track | 0.000 (0.000, 0.002) |
| Socio-emotional development on track | |
| Preceding birth interval ≥33 months → Child illness → Socio-emotional development on track | 0.002 (−0.001, 0.005) |
| Preceding birth interval ≥33 months → Child dietary diversity → Socio-emotional development on track | 0.000 (−0.001, 0.000) |
| Preceding birth interval ≥33 months → Number of maternal stimulation activities → Socio-emotional development on track | 0.001 (0.000, 0.002) |
a
Estimates controlled for household wealth, location, size, access to improved sanitation, and gender of the household head; maternal age, education, and marital status; child age, sex, whether the child has a twin, and number of siblings. The model accounted for clustering and representativeness.