Table 1.
Effects of face masks on emotion recognition in the young and old cohort
| Accuracy | Confidence | Performance awareness | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Δ hit rate | Cohen's d | BF10 | % | Rating | Cohen's d | BF10 | % | Score | Cohen's d | BF10 | % | |
| Young cohort | ||||||||||||
| w/o mask | 0.31 | 3.5 | > 100 | 0.57 | 0.13 | 1.3 | > 100 | |||||
| With mask | 0.22 | 2.9 | > 100 | 0.42 | 0.12 | 1.5 | > 100 | |||||
| Mask effect | 0.09 | 1.2 | > 100 | 29% | 0.15 | 1.4 | > 100 | 26% | 0.01 | 0.09 | 0.27 | 8% |
| Old cohort | ||||||||||||
| w/o mask | 0.17 | 1.9 | > 100 | 0.51 | 0.04 | 0.65 | > 100 | |||||
| With mask | 0.12 | 1.3 | > 100 | 0.45 | 0.04 | 0.54 | > 100 | |||||
| Mask effect | 0.05 | 0.59 | > 100 | 29% | 0.06 | 0.84 | > 100 | 12% | 0.01 | 0.07 | 0.25 | 15% |
| Age effect | ||||||||||||
| w/o mask | 0.14 | 1.5 | > 100 | 0.06 | 0.37 | 1.7 | 0.09 | 1.0 | > 100 | |||
| With mask | 0.10 | 1.2 | > 100 | 0.03 | − 0.15 | 0.14 | 0.08 | 1.1 | > 100 | |||
| Mask effect | − 0.04 | − 0.48 | 0.07 | − 0.03 | − 0.99 | 0.04 | − 0.00 | − 0.04 | 0.19 | |||
All comparisons are one-sided and signs indicate the direction of an effect relative to the prediction (see text). BF10 > 3 (at least moderate evidence for H1) are bold and BF10 < .33 (at least moderate evidence against H1) are bold and in italics. Δ hit, hit rate minus chance; %, relative decline due to face masks (relative to faces without masks). Confidence ratings are rescaled to unity (minimal possible value 0, maximal possible value 1)