Table 3.
Emotion-specific effects of face masks on emotion recognition accuracy in the young and old cohort
| Accuracy | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anger | Fear | Sadness | Contempt | |||||||||||||
| Δ hu | Cohen's d | BF10 | % | Δ hu | Cohen's d | BF10 | % | Δ hu | Cohen's d | BF10 | % | Δ hu | Cohen's d | BF10 | % | |
| Young cohort | ||||||||||||||||
| w/o mask | 0.25 | 1.7 | > 100 | 0.29 | 2.0 | > 100 | 0.30 | 2.4 | > 100 | 0.25 | 1.9 | > 100 | ||||
| With mask | 0.17 | 1.7 | > 100 | 0.22 | 1.7 | > 100 | 0.17 | 1.7 | > 100 | 0.13 | 1.3 | > 100 | ||||
| Mask effect | 0.08 | 0.45 | 22 | 31% | 0.07 | 0.43 | 14 | 25% | 0.14 | 0.86 | > 100 | 45% | 0.12 | 0.85 | > 100 | 48% |
| Old cohort | ||||||||||||||||
| w/o mask | 0.11 | 1.1 | > 100 | 0.12 | 1.0 | > 100 | 0.17 | 1.3 | > 100 | 0.15 | 1.4 | > 100 | ||||
| With mask | 0.10 | 0.96 | > 100 | 0.10 | 0.96 | > 100 | 0.10 | 1.0 | > 100 | 0.07 | 0.82 | > 100 | ||||
| Mask effect | 0.01 | 0.07 | 0.25 | 8% | 0.02 | 0.17 | 0.55 | 20% | 0.08 | 0.51 | 53 | 44% | 0.07 | 0.57 | > 100 | 50% |
| Age effect | ||||||||||||||||
| Mean | 0.11 | 1.2 | > 100 | 0.15 | 1.5 | > 100 | 0.10 | 1.2 | > 100 | 0.08 | 0.92 | > 100 | ||||
| Mask effect | 0.07 | − 0.46 | 0.07 | 0.05 | − 0.31 | 0.09 | 0.06 | − 0.39 | 0.08 | 0.05 | − 0.34 | 0.09 | ||||
All comparisons are one-sided and signs indicate the direction of an effect relative to the prediction (see text). BF10 > 3 (at least moderate evidence for H1) are bold and BF10 < .33 (at least moderate evidence against H1) are bold and in italics. Δ hu, unbiased hit rate minus chance; %, relative decline due to face masks (relative to faces without masks)