Table 2.
Setting of countries included in review (contextual factors in the AIMS framework)
| Country | Programs that link to or provide adolescent care | Geographic location | Income category [14] [per capita income—USD] [15] |
Adolescent HIV prevalence (15–24 years) [16] [range] |
Adolescent HIV incidence per 1000 (15–24 years) [16] [range] |
National guidelines established (Latest year for each) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adolescent HIV guidelines | Adolescent general health guidelines | Adolescent multi-sectoral guidelines | ||||||
| Zambia | DREAMS, SHIELD/IWC | Sub-Saharan Africa |
Lower–middle [$1305] |
4.2 [2.5–5.6] |
6.35 [4.09–8.53] |
2020 [17] | 2015 [24] | – |
| Kenya | DREAMS | Sub-Saharan Africa |
Lower–middle [$1817] |
1.7 [1.2–2.2] |
1.25 [0.73–2.15] |
2018 [18] |
2014 [25] (Adolescent-responsive services, community engagement, transition with pediatric and adult services) |
2016 [31] (Adolescent-responsive services, community engagement) |
| Nigeria | OTZ, Zvandiri Program | Sub-Saharan Africa |
Lower–middle [$2230] |
0.4 [0.2–0.7] |
0.57 [0.27–1.14] |
2020 [19] (Adolescent-responsive services, socio-ecological perspective, integrated services, gender) |
2018 [26] (Adolescent participation, community engagement) |
|
| Uganda | DREAMS, YAPS, G-ANC | Sub-Saharan Africa |
Low [$2220] |
1.9 [1.2–2.5] |
1.63 [1.06–2.24] |
2020 [20] (Community engagement, health literacy) |
2012 [27] (Adolescent-responsive services) |
|
| Brazil | BeT | South America |
Upper–middle [$8717] |
Overall estimates not available 24.5% (among young transgender women) [5] |
No estimates are available | 2018 [21] | 2018 [28] |
2010 [32] 2013(HIV specific) [33] |
| Tanzania | DREAMS, SYV | Sub-Saharan Africa |
Lower–middle [$1,122] |
1.7 [1.0–2.3] |
1.86 [1.16–2.42] |
2019 [22] National HIV guidelines |
2018 [29] |
2002 [34] 2017 [35] |
| South Africa | Beyond Zero, IMARA, DREAMS | Sub-Saharan Africa |
Upper–middle [$6,748] |
6.9 [3.0–10.7] |
8.97 [4.08–14.17] |
2020 [23] | 2017 [30] | 2020 [36] |
AIMS adolescent-focused integrated modular services; DREAMS Determined, Resilient, Empowered, AIDS-free, mentored and safe; SHIELD-IWC support for HIV integrated education, linkages to care, and destigmatization/integrated wellness care; OTZ operation triple zero; YAPS young people and adolescent peer support; G-ANC Group Antenatal Care/Postnatal Care; BeT “Brillar e Transcender” (English: “Shine and Transcend”); SYV Sauti Ya Vijana; IMARA informed motivated aware responsible adolescents and adults