Table 3.
Socio-ecological perspectives of selected adolescent programs (first pillar in AIMS framework)
| Program name | Socio-ecological levels | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Individual | Interpersonal | Organizational | Community | Public policy | |
| DREAMS | AGYW ages 10–24 | AGYW’s partners, Caregivers/family | School-based programs | Community mobilization and norms change programs | Public/private partnerships across member countries |
| SHIELD/IWC | AGYW ages 10–25 | Caregivers/family | Health clinics/clinic providers | Peer navigators/community support | Ministry of Health and national guidelines |
| OTZ | Adolescents and young people (AYP) ages 10–24 | Peers living with HIV, caregivers, AYP support groups | Health clinics/clinic providers | Enrollment in the Orphans and Vulnerable Children’s program | National HIV and Adolescent and Youth Friendly Health Services (AYFHS) guidelines |
| Zvandiri Program | Adolescents ages 10–19 years | Peers, caregivers, family, support groups | Health clinic/clinic providers | Linkages between community and facilities, Radio program engaging adolescents, HIV self-testing in the community | National HIV and AYFHS guidelines |
| YAPS | Adolescents and young people (girls and boys) ages 10–24 years | Care givers, peers, family members, sexual partners | Ministries of Health, Gender, Labour and Social Development, and education and sports | Village health teams, local council, para-social workers, paralegals, community-based organizations, faith-based organizations, religious institutions, schools, people living with HIV networks | National Adolescent Health Policy and service standards; Consolidated guidelines for prevention and treatment of HIV; National Guidelines for Differentiated service delivery |
| G-ANC | Pregnant and lactating AGYW ages 15–24 years | Care givers, peers, family members, sexual partners | Health care workers at health facilities | AGYW safe spaces in the community, community-based organizations, faith-based organizations, paralegals | National Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health (RMNCAH) Guidelines |
| BeT | Young transgender women ages 18–24 | None | Health clinics/clinic providers | Anti-stigma campaign/Peer health digital navigation | Ministry of Health and National PrEP implementation project |
| SYV Tanzania | 10–24 years with a focus on 15–24 years (AYA living with HIV) | Caregivers/supportive adults | Adolescent HIV clinics | Peer group leaders and youth community advisory board | Engagement with MOH with policy brief to influence importance of adolescent mental health in HIV prevention and treatment programming |
| Beyond Zero | AGYW 15–24 years old | Teens and caregivers | Health clinics | Return to school, economic strengthening, opportunities for bursaries, CSE institutional support, academic support | Operates in 3 provinces in South Africa with local partners on the ground in these communities |
| IMARA | AGYW 15–19 years old | Family based, with a focus on Female care givers, | Family based programs, Lay facilitators delivering the intervention | Gender dynamics, partner relationships, HIV stigma and discrimination | Engagement with Provincial department of health, social development |
AIMS Adolescent-Focused Integrated Modular Services; DREAMS Determined, Resilient, Empowered, AIDS-free, Mentored and Safe; SHIELD-IWC Support for HIV Integrated Education, Linkages to care, and Destigmatization/Integrated Wellness Care; OTZ Operation Triple Zero; YAPS Young People and Adolescent Peer Support; G-ANC Group Antenatal Care/Postnatal Care; BeT “Brillar e Transcender” (English: “Shine and Transcend”); SYV Sauti Ya Vijana; IMARA Informed Motivated Aware Responsible Adolescents and Adults; AGYW Adolescents Girls and Young Women; AYP Adolescents and Young People; AYFHS Adolescent and Youth Friendly Health Services