. 2022 Jul 12;18:495–505. doi: 10.2147/VHRM.S373702

Table 3.

Clinical Trials and Experimental Studies That Explore the Mechanisms of Nigella sativa (NS) Effect on Bodyweight and Anthropometric Data

#	Study	Proposed and Tested Mechanism	Result
1	Mahdavi et al²⁶ 2015*^¥	Anorexic or reduce food intake	Dietary intake was changed in both groups compared to the baseline, but the difference was not significant between the two groups.
2	Farhangi et al²⁵ 2016*.	Anorexic or reduce food intake	No significant difference in total dietary intake for 3 days
3	Safi et al¹⁸ 2021*	Anorexic or reduce food intake	Sensation of appetite decreased significantly as assessed by a visual scale and no difference in dietary intake after NS-treatment
4	Mai Le et al³⁶ 2004**	Anorexic or reduce food intake	Food intake was significantly less in NS (20 ± 3 g/day) versus control (27 ± 2 g/day).
5	Meddah et al³⁵ 2009**	Inhibition of intestinal glucose absorption	In vitro examination showed NS dose-dependent inhibition of intestinal glucose transport
6	Moustafa et al²³ 2019*	Decrease insulin secretion	NS decreased fasting insulin secretion and enhanced insulin resistance
7	Mai Le et al³⁶ 2004	Decrease insulin secretion	NS decreased fasting insulin secretion
8	Mahdavi et al³⁷ 2016^¥	Increased adiponectin levels	NS-oil increased adiponectin in obese ladies after 8 weeks of treatment.

Notes: *The same study mentioned in Table 1. **The same study mentioned in Table 2. ^¥Both articles belong to the same study.