Table 2.
Cardiac MRI findings of study patients and controls
| Characteristic | Patients with Delta Variant (n = 44) | Healthy controls (n = 25) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female sex | 28 (64) | 11 (44) | 0.135 |
| Age, years | 51 (39–62) | 44 (39–51) | 0.058 |
| Haematocrit, % | 38 ± 4 | 42 ± 3 | <0.001 |
| Function and structure | |||
| LV EDVi, mL/m2 | 66.5 ± 11.5 | 79.6 ± 9.0 | <0.001 |
| LV ESVi, mL/m2 | 26.3 ± 6.2 | 28.2 ± 5.2 | 0.195 |
| LV EF, % | 61.5 ± 3.3 | 63.0 ± 6.1 | 0.051 |
| LV MWT, mm | 9.6 ± 1.8 | 9.7 ± 1.4 | 0.797 |
| LV EDD, mm | 46.0 ± 4.7 | 47.8 ± 3.7 | 0.089 |
| RV EDVi mL/m2 | 68.8 ± 13.1 | 81.9 ± 11.1 | <0.001 |
| RV ESVi, mL/m2 | 30.6 ± 6.4 | 35.0 ± 7.4 | 0.012 |
| RV EF, % | 55.5 ± 4.0 | 57.2 ± 7.2 | 0.305 |
| 2D‐strain | |||
| LV GLS, % | −22.2 ± 2.8 | −24.6 ± 2.0 | <0.001 |
| <−20.6% (2 SDs from control mean) | 10 (23%) | 0 (0) | NA |
| LV GCS, % | −20.7 ± 6.8 | −24.3 ± 2.6 | 0.014 |
| <−19.1 % (2 SDs from control mean) | 8 (18%) | 0 (0) | NA |
| LV GRS, %* | 100.6 ± 34.3 | 107.0 ± 30.2 | 0.440 |
| LV tissue feature | |||
| Late gadolinium enhancement | |||
| Positive | 4 (9) | 0 (0) | NA |
| Subendocardial pattern | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NA |
| Mid‐wall pattern | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | NA |
| Subepicardial pattern | 3 (7) | 0 (0) | NA |
| T1 mapping | |||
| Global native T1, ms | 1318.8 ± 55.5 | 1282.9 ± 38.1 | 0.006 |
| >1359.1 ms (2 SDs from control mean) | 6 (14) | 0 (0) | NA |
| Global ECV, % | 26.2 ± 4.0 | 26.7 ± 1.9 | 0.516 |
| >29.7% (2 SDs from control mean) | 4 (9) | 1 (2) | NA |
| T2 mapping and T2WI | |||
| Global T2, ms | 47.6 ± 4.2 | 47.7 ± 2.2 | 0.936 |
| >52.1 ms (2 SDs from control mean) | 6 (14) | 0 (0) | NA |
| Abnormal T2 SI | 5 (11) | 0 (0) | NA |
| Resting perfusion defect | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Pericardial effusion (≥5 mm) | 4 (9) | 0 (0) | NA |
| Pericardial enhancement | 2 (5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Unless otherwise specified, data are means ± standard deviation, and number and percentage for categorical variable. P < 0.05 is considered to indicate a significant difference.
COVID‐19 = coronavirus disease 2019, EDVi = indexed end diastolic volume, ESVi = indexed systolic volume, EF = ejection fraction, EDD = end diastolic diameter, ECV = extracellular volume, GLS = global longitudinal strain, GCS = global circumferential strain, GRS = global radial strain, LV = left ventricular, LGE = late gadolinium enhancement, MWT = maximal wall thickness, NA = not applicable, RV = right ventricular, SI = signal intensity, SDs = standard deviations, T2WI = T2 weighted image, 2D = two‐dimensional.
Data are expressed as the median, with the interquartile range in parentheses for continuous variables.