Table 2.
Characteristics of Perpertrators and Victims of Workplace Violence Events by Type in the U.S.: March – October, 2020*.
| Non-Physical Violence Only N (%) |
Physical Violence Only N (%) |
Both Physical & Non-Physical N (%) |
P-value** | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Perpetrator of Event | 0.005 | ||||
| Worker | 21 (19%) | 25 (23%) | 15 (9%) | 61 (15%) | |
| Customer, Client, Non-Worker | 82 (76%) | 79 (73%) | 137 (84%) | 298 (75%) | |
| Victim of Event | |||||
| Only a Worker | 59 (55%) | 53 (49%) | 97 (59%) | 0.23 | 209 (52%) |
| Only a Customer, Client, Non-Worker | 33 (31%) | 50 (46%) | 48 (29%) | 0.011 | 131 (33%) |
| Both a Worker and Customer, Client, Non-Worker | 8 (7%) | 4 (4%) | 11 (7%) | 0.46*** | 23 (6%) |
| Did the Perpetrator Cough/Spit on a Worker? | <0.0001 | ||||
| Cough, Spit, or Both | 10 (10%) | 16 (14%) | 60 (37%) | 86 (22%) | |
| No Cough or Spit | 98 (91%) | 92 (84%) | 104 (63%) | 294 (74%) | |
| Did the Perpetrator Cough/Spit on a Customer? | 0.23 | ||||
| Cough, Spit, or Both | 6 (6%) | 11 (11%) | 18 (12%) | 35 (10%) | |
| No Cough or Spit | 101 (94%) | 98 (90%) | 143 (87%) | 342 (86%) | |
| Number of Perpetrators | 0.95 | ||||
| Single | 88 (82%) | 91 (84%) | 135 (82%) | 314 (79%) | |
| Multiple | 18 (17%) | 17 (16%) | 28 (17%) | 63 (16%) | |
| Gender of Perpetrators | |||||
| Male | 51 (48%) | 74 (68%) | 109 (67%) | 0.0016 | 234 (59%) |
| Female | 37 (34%) | 25 (23%) | 32 (20%) | 0.0196 | 94 (24%) |
| Both | 11 (10%) | 5 (5%) | 16 (10%) | 0.23*** | 32 (8%) |
| Was the Event Associated with a Mask Dispute? | <0.0001 | ||||
| Yes | 98 (90%) | 87 (80%) | 101 (62%) | 286 (72%) | |
| No | 9 (8%) | 19 (17%) | 55 (34%) | 83 (21%) | |
| Was the Event Associated with a Physical Distancing Dispute? | 0.0314*** | ||||
| Yes | 4 (4%) | 8 (7%) | 22 (13%) | 34 (9%) | |
| No | 103 (95%) | 98 (90%) | 136 (83%) | 337 (84%) | |
| Was Law Enforcement Involved? | <0.0001 | ||||
| Yes | 39 (36%) | 71 (65%) | 118 (72%) | 228 (57%) | |
| No | 55 (51%) | 7 (6%) | 13 (8%) | 75 (19%) | |
| Total | 108 (27%) | 109 (27%) | 164 (41%) | 400 (100%) |
*
Columns do not add to the Total due to unknowns within each category and the exclusion of the 19 cases that either could not be categorized into type of violence or involved only property damage.
**
Adjusted level of statistical significance is 0.0038; p-values test for statistical differences across type of violence.
***
P-value from the Fisher’s Exact Test.