Table 2.
Perioperative data and postoperative follow-up data.
| Parameter | CLS (n = 30) | TU-LESS (n = 32) | RS (n = 28) | F /χ2-valuea | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operation duration (min) | 152 ± 21b | 162 ± 22c | 180 ± 21 | 13.076 | <0.001b,c |
| Blood loss (mL) | 9.1 ± 2.2 | 8.9 ± 2.6 | 10.2 ± 3.2 | 1.880 | 0.159 |
| Time to recover digestive function (day) | 1.4 ± 0.5 | 1.5 ± 0.5 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 0.880 | 0.418 |
| Hospital stays (day) | 8.5 ± 0.9 | 8.8 ± 0.9 | 8.4 ± 0.6 | 1.653 | 0.197 |
| Anastomotic fistula (n%) | 1(3.3%) | 1(3.1%) | 1(3.6%) | 0.009 | 0.995 |
| Perianal erosion (n%) | 8(26.7%) | 9(28.1%) | 8(28.6%) | 0.029 | 0.986 |
| Enterocolitis (n%) | 5(16.7%) | 6(18.8%) | 4(14.3%) | 0.214 | 0.898 |
| Adhesive small bowel obstruction (n%) | 0 | 1(3.1%) | 1(3.6%) | 1.036 | 0.596 |
| Constipation (n%) | 1(3.3%) | 1(3.1%) | 1(3.6%) | 0.009 | 0.995 |
| Soiling (n%) | 2(6.7%) | 1(3.1%) | 2(7.1%) | 0.565 | 0.754 |
a Means Analysis of Variance or rank sum test.
b,c Means compare with group RS, P < 0.05.