Table 3.
Results of the linear mixed models for the effect of treatment and categorized STAI-X2 on the investigated outcomes.
| Questionnaire | Predictors | β [95%CI] | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| STAI X-1 | |||
| (Intercept) | 39.01 [29.35; 48.67] | <0.001 | |
| Treatment (treated) | 3.39 [−4.32; 11.09] | 0.383 | |
| Time (t1) | −2.05 [−5.91; 1.81] | 0.294 | |
| Categorized STAI-X2 (High) | 6.38 [−0.35; 13.11] | 0.063 | |
| Sex (M) | −1.23 [−6.09; 3.63] | 0.616 | |
| Age | −0.02 [−0.17; 0.12] | 0.731 | |
| Previous meditation experience (yes) | −4.72 [−10.15; 0.70] | 0.087 | |
| How often sport | −1.31 [−3.66; 1.04] | 0.270 | |
| Change cohabitation (yes) | −3.37 [−8.52; 1.79] | 0.197 | |
| contracted COVID-19 (yes/maybe) | −0.46 [−6.62; 5.71] | 0.883 | |
| Friends/family contracted COVID-19 (maybe) | 4.33 [−2.65; 11.30] | 0.220 | |
| Friends/family contracted COVID-19 (yes) | 0.74 [−4.01; 5.48] | 0.758 | |
| Acquaintance contracted COVID-19 (maybe) | −0.99 [−9.17; 7.20] | 0.811 | |
| Acquaintance contracted COVID-19 (yes) | 4.82 [−1.41; 11.05] | 0.127 | |
| Friends/family bereavement (yes) | 3.85 [−1.54; 9.23] | 0.159 | |
| Acquaintance bereavement (yes) | −2.32 [−7.13; 2.49] | 0.339 | |
| Job lost (yes) | 2.38 [−3.00; 7.75] | 0.381 | |
| Location (out of Italy) | 0.12 [−10.89; 11.13] | 0.983 | |
| Location (nord) | 0.15 [−4.90; 5.20] | 0.953 | |
| Time * treatment | 1.94 [−3.86; 7.75] | 0.507 | |
| Treatment * categorized STAI-X2 | 0.57 [−8.66; 9.80] | 0.902 | |
| Time * categorized STAI-X2 | 6.01 [0.04; 11.97] | 0.048 | |
| Time * treatment * categorized STAI-X2 | −10.08 [−18.46; −1.70] | 0.019 | |
| PSS | |||
| (Intercept) | 14.72 [8.95; 20.49] | <0.001 | |
| Treatment (treated) | 5.46 [0.46; 10.45] | 0.033 | |
| Time (t1) | 1.11 [−2.76; 4.99] | 0.569 | |
| Categorized STAI-X2 (High) | 5.08 [0.55; 9.62] | 0.029 | |
| Sex (M) | 2.60 [−0.17; 5.37] | 0.065 | |
| Age | −0.00 [−0.08; 0.08] | 0.957 | |
| Previous meditation experience (yes) | −2.74 [5.81; 0.34] | 0.080 | |
| How often sport | −1.14 [−2.47; 0.20] | 0.094 | |
| Change cohabitation (yes) | −3.34 [−6.27; −0.42] | 0.026 | |
| contracted COVID-19 (yes/maybe) | −3.50 [−7.00; 0.01] | 0.051 | |
| Friends/family contracted COVID-19 (maybe) | 6.29 [2.29; 10.30] | 0.003 | |
| Friends/family contracted COVID-19 (yes) | 2.60 [−0.10; 5.29] | 0.059 | |
| Acquaintance contracted COVID-19 (maybe) | −5.09 [−9.75; −0.43] | 0.033 | |
| Acquaintance contracted COVID-19 (yes) | 0.21 [−3.32; 3.74] | 0.906 | |
| Friends/family bereavement (yes) | 1.27 [−1.78; 4.33] | 0.408 | |
| Acquaintance bereavement (yes) | −1.67 [−4.40; 1.06] | 0.226 | |
| Job lost (yes) | 1.69 [−1.36; 4.74] | 0.272 | |
| Location (out of Italy) | −2.46 [−9.29; 4.37] | 0.475 | |
| Location (nord) | 0.28 [−2.88; 3.44] | 0.859 | |
| Time * treatment | −2.85 [−8.68; 2.98] | 0.333 | |
| Treatment * categorized STAI-X2 | −4.26 [−10.53; 2.01] | 0.180 | |
| Time * categorized STAI-X2 | −6.07 [−12.01; −0.12] | 0.046 | |
| Time * treatment * categorized STAI-X2 | 6.01 [−2.36; 14.38] | 0.157 | |
| WEMWBS | |||
| (Intercept) | 54.97 [48.00; 61.94] | <0.001 | |
| Treatment (treated) | −2.64 [−8.12; 2.84] | 0.340 | |
| Time (t1) | −0.62 [−2.80; 1.55] | 0.570 | |
| Categorized STAI-X2 (High) | −10.66 [−15.40; −5.92] | <0.001 | |
| Sex (M) | −1.48 [−5.03; 2.08] | 0.410 | |
| Age | 0.02 [−0.08; 0.13] | 0.663 | |
| Previous meditation experience (yes) | 1.82 [−2.15; 5.79] | 0.364 | |
| How often sport | 1.61 [−0.11; 3.33] | 0.067 | |
| Change cohabitation (yes) | 1.91 [−1.87; 5.69] | 0.316 | |
| contracted COVID-19 (yes/maybe) | −1.08 [−5.59; 3.44] | 0.636 | |
| Friends/family contracted COVID-19 (maybe) | 0.34 [−4.73; 5.42] | 0.894 | |
| Friends/family contracted COVID-19 (yes) | 1.35 [−2.13; 4.83] | 0.442 | |
| Acquaintance contracted COVID-19 (maybe) | 0.28 [−5.71; 6.27] | 0.925 | |
| Acquaintance contracted COVID-19 (yes) | −4.35 [−8.93; 0.22] | 0.062 | |
| Friends/family bereavement (yes) | −3.24 [−7.19; 0.71] | 0.106 | |
| Acquaintance bereavement (yes) | 1.49 [−2.04; 5.02] | 0.403 | |
| Job lost (yes) | −2.75 [−6.69; 1.20] | 0.169 | |
| Location (out of Italy) | −0.30 [−7.77; 7.17] | 0.936 | |
| Location (nord) | −1.02 [−4.42; 2.39] | 0.553 | |
| Time * treatment | 0.47 [−2.81; 3.74] | 0.777 | |
| Treatment * categorized STAI-X2 | 1.60 [−4.88; 8.07] | 0.625 | |
| Time * categorized STAI-X2 | −2.34 [−5.72; 1.04] | 0.173 | |
| Time * treatment * categorized STAI-X2 | 4.76 [0.01; 9.50] | 0.049 |
For each questionnaire β coefficients, their 95% CI, and p-values are reported.
p-values ≤ 0.05 are considered as statistically significant and highlighted in bold.