Table 4.
Association of metabolic risk factors (glycaemic status, obesity, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia) with liver fibrosis.
| Risk factor | Odds Ratio (95% Confidence interval) |
P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No significant fibrosis (F0 & F1) | Significant Fibrosis (F2, F3 & F4) | |||
| Diabetes | Unadjusted | 1 | 4.348 (2.528–7.477) | < 0.0001 |
| Model 1 | 1 | 4.026 (2.290–7.080) | < 0.0001 | |
| Model 2 | 1 | 3.991 (2.267–7.026) | < 0.0001 | |
| Model 3 | 1 | 3.206 (1.792–5.736) | < 0.0001 | |
| Pre-diabetes | Unadjusted | 1 | 1.338 (0.803–2.228) | 0.263 |
| Model 1 | 1 | 1.301 (0.775–2.185) | 0.320 | |
| Model 2 | 1 | 1.291 (0.768–2.171) | 0.335 | |
| Model 3 | 1 | 1.154 (0.680–1.956) | 0.596 | |
| Obesity | Unadjusted | 1 | 2.160 (1.483–3.145) | < 0.0001 |
| Model 1 | 1 | 2.329 (1.590–3.412) | < 0.0001 | |
| Model 2 | 1 | 2.321 (1.583–3.404) | < 0.0001 | |
| Model 3 | 1 | 1.987 (1.341–2.944) | 0.001 | |
| Hypertension | Unadjusted | 1 | 1.895 (1.303–2.756) | 0.001 |
| Model 1 | 1 | 1.725 (1.156–2.573) | 0.008 | |
| Model 2 | 1 | 1.774 (1.186–2.652) | 0.005 | |
| Model 3 | 1 | 1.370 (0.901–2.082) | 0.141 | |
| Hypercholesterolemia | Unadjusted | 1 | 1.265 (0.852–1.879) | 0.243 |
| Model 1 | 1 | 1.277 (0.855–1.906) | 0.232 | |
| Model 2 | 1 | 1.273 (0.852–1.901) | 0.238 | |
| Model 3 | 1 | 1.131 (0.747–1.712) | 0.562 | |
Model 1 – adjusted for age & sex; Model 2 – adjusted age, sex and lifestyle factors (alcohol, smoking and tobacco chewing); Model 3 – adjusted for age, sex, lifestyle and metabolic factors (diabetes, blood pressure, waist circumference, BMI status, blood cholesterol profile).