Table 4.
Unclear correlates of palpitations in peri- and post-menopausal women based on equivocal evidence as determined by number of articles, type of statistical tests, and article results with citations.
| n | Association | No association | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | Citations | n (%) | Citations | ||||
| Bi | Multi | Bi | Multi | ||||
| Clinical | |||||||
| Menopause status | 40 | 20 (50) | Higher in: Post vs pre41,42,44,52,94,113,114 Post/peri vs pre75,79,88 Post vs peri44,52,93 Peri vs pre 44,52,76,90,91,113,114,116 Surg post vs nat post55,63 Peri vs post90,91 |
Higher in: Post/peri vs pre 80 Late peri vs pre 33 Early peri vs pre 33 Peri vs pre 85 Surg post vs pre 33 |
20 (50) | groups compared: post, pre92,111
Post, peri/pre 102 Post, peri56,70,99,111 Post, peri, pre38,57,58,64,101,106,107 Late post, early post, peri, pre73,86 Surg post, nat post 108 |
groups compared: post, peri, pre67,68
Post, peri 47 Post, peri/pre 40 |
| Smoking | 3 | 2 (67) | ↑, 33 ↓ 47 | 1 (33) | 58 | ||
| Symptom/QOL | |||||||
| Worse depression | 4 | 2 (50) | 47,60 | 2 (50) | 58 | 41 | |
Bi: bivariate tests for association such as chi-square tests, Mann–Whitney U tests, t-tests, ANOVA, or univariate logistic regression; multi: multivariate or multivariable tests for association such as multiple logistic or multiple regressions that controlled for confounders; post: postmenopausal; peri: perimenopausal; pre: premenopausal; surg: surgically; nat: naturally; QOL: quality of life.
Past smoking increased odds of palpitations (↑), and past and current smoking decreased odds of palpitations (↓).
Superscripted numbers are the article reference citations.