Table 2.
Baseline Characteristics of Older Adults with Dementia and OAB across Selective and Non-Selective Antimuscarinic Medications
| Characteristics | Selective Antimuscarinic (n = 4,893; 22.40%) |
Non-selective Antimuscarinic (n = 16,955; 77.60%) |
Standardized Difference of Proportions (D) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Predisposing Characteristics | |||||
| Age (in years) | 0.02 | 0.31 | |||
| ≥ 85 years | 1,228 (25.10) | 4,433 (26.15) | |||
| Gender | 0.10 | <.0001* | |||
| Female | 3,133 (64.03) | 11,635 (68.62) | |||
| Race | 0.11 | <.0001* | |||
| Other | 457 (9.34) | 1,140 (6.72) | |||
| Need Characteristics | |||||
| Abnormal Involuntary Movements | 289 (5.91) | 975 (5.75) | −0.01 | 0.68 | |
| Anxiety | 1,450 (29.63) | 5,315 (31.35) | 0.04 | 0.02* | |
| Bipolar Disease | 244 (4.99) | 973 (5.74) | 0.03 | 0.04* | |
| Drug Induced Acute Dystonia | 2 (0.04) | 4 (0.02) | −0.01 | 0.52 | |
| Gastro-esophageal Reflux Syndrome | 1,869 (38.20) | 6,349 (37.45) | −0.02 | 0.34 | |
| Insomnia | 862 (17.62) | 2,829 (16.69) | −0.02 | 0.13 | |
| Irritable Bowel Syndrome | 209 (4.27) | 632 (3.73) | −0.03 | 0.08 | |
| Muscle Spasms/ Low Back Pain | 1,597 (32.64) | 5,009 (29.54) | −0.07 | <.0001* | |
| Neuropathic Pain | 137 (2.80) | 461 (2.72) | −0.00 | 0.76 | |
| Schizophrenia | 133 (2.72) | 612 (3.61) | 0.05 | 0.00* | |
| Secondary Parkinsonism | 73 (1.49) | 284 (1.68) | 0.01 | 0.37 | |
| Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia | 1,206 (68.52ⱡ) | 3,364 (63.23ⱡ) | −0.12 | <.0001* | |
| Chronic Constipation | 1,221 (24.95) | 4,419 (26.06) | 0.03 | 0.12 | |
| Epilepsy | 292 (5.97) | 1,024 (6.04) | 0.00 | 0.85 | |
| Delirium | 913 (18.66) | 3,606 (21.27) | 0.07 | <.0001* | |
| Falls/Fractures | 2,393 (48.91) | 8,479 (50.01) | 0.02 | 0.17 | |
| Myasthenia Gravis | 15 (0.31) | 52 (0.31) | 0.00 | 0.99 | |
| Narrow-angle Glaucoma | 850 (17.37) | 2,743 (16.18) | −0.03 | 0.05* | |
| Parkinson’s Disease | 556 (11.36) | 1,850 (10.91) | −0.01 | 0.37 | |
| Myocardial Infarction | 185 (3.78) | 725 (4.28) | 0.03 | 0.13 | |
| Syncope | 743 (15.18) | 2,597 (15.32) | 0.00 | 0.82 | |
| Urinary Tract Infection | 2,704 (55.26) | 9,602 (56.63) | 0.03 | 0.09 | |
| Skin Infection | 378 (7.73) | 1,444 (8.52) | 0.03 | 0.08 | |
| Vulvovaginitis | 153 (3.13) | 627 (3.70) | 0.03 | 0.06 | |
| Baseline Anticholinergic Load | 5,937 (35.02) | 1,799 (36.77) | −0.04 | 0.02* | |
| Elixhauser’s Score (Mean, SD) | 11.42 [10.48] | 11.73 [10.64] | 0.03 | 0.07 | |
SD Standard Deviation,
*
Statistical significance at p-value < 0.05,
ⱡ
Denominator is male population within selective and non-selective antimuscarinic users