Table 3.

Predictors of Antimuscarinic Use among Older Adults with Dementia and Overactive Bladder

Characteristics	Category	Odds Ratio	95% Confidence Interval
Predisposing Characteristics
Age (in years)	≥ 65–75	Reference	--
	≥ 75–85	0.83	0.80 – 0.86*
	≥ 85	0.58	0.56 – 0.60*
Gender	Male	Reference	--
	Female	1.55	1.48 – 1.62*
Race	Other	Reference	--
	White	1.00	0.95 – 1.06
	Black	0.76	0.70 – 0.82*
Need Characteristics
Abnormal Involuntary Movements	No	Reference	--
	Yes	1.19	1.12 – 1.27*
Bipolar Disorder	No	Reference	--
	Yes	1.10	1.03 – 1.18*
Gastro-esophageal Reflux Syndrome	No	Reference	--
	Yes	1.11	1.07 – 1.14*
Insomnia	No	Reference	--
	Yes	1.22	1.17 – 1.27*
Irritable Bowel Syndrome	No	Reference	--
	Yes	1.14	1.06 – 1.24*
Muscle Spasms/ Low back Pain	No	Reference	--
	Yes	1.40	1.36 – 1.45*
Neuropathic Pain	No	Reference	--
	Yes	1.35	1.23 – 1.48*
Schizophrenia	No	Reference	--
	Yes	0.86	0.79 – 0.93*
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia	No	Reference	--
	Yes	1.76	1.67 – 1.85*
Epilepsy	No	Reference	--
	Yes	0.86	0.81 – 0.92*
Delirium	No	Reference	--
	Yes	0.84	0.81 – 0.87*
Falls/Fractures	No	Reference	--
	Yes	1.11	1.08 – 1.14*
Myasthenia Gravis	No	Reference	--
	Yes	1.37	1.05 – 1.79*
Narrow-angle Glaucoma	No	Reference	--
	Yes	1.07	1.03 – 1.11*
Parkinson’s Disease	No	Reference	--
	Yes	1.15	1.10 – 1.21*
Syncope	No	Reference	--
	Yes	1.11	1.07 – 1.16*
Urinary Tract Infection	No	Reference	--
	Yes	1.31	1.27 – 1.35*
Vulvovaginitis	No	Reference	--
	Yes	1.40	1.29 – 1.52*
Elixhauser’s Score	-	0.99	0.992 – 0.995*

Reference: non-use

^*Statistical significance at p-value < 0.05; Adjusted all baseline predisposing, enabling, and need factors