TABLE 2.

Stomach position at US1, US2, and US3 correlated to prenatal characteristics

	Stomach position				p Value
	Grade 1	Grade 2	Grade 3	Grade 4
US1	n = 8	n = 13	n = 29	n = 4
Liver position at US1: Up	1 (13)	0 (0)	19 (66)	3 (75)	<0.001
O/E LHR at US1	58 (49–75)	44 (39–48)	43 (40–49)	32 (29–47)	0.001
CDH severity at US1					<0.001
Mild	8 (100)	10 (77)	14 (48)	1 (25)
Moderate	0 (0)	1 (8)	14 (48)	3 (75)
Severe	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (3)	0 (0)
N.A.	0 (0)	2 (15)	0 (0)	0 (0)
US2	n = 10	n = 10	n = 24	n = 4
Liver position at US2: Up	1 (10)	0 (0)	18 (75)	3 (75)	<0.001
O/E LHR at US2	51 (47–63)	41 (32–54)	40 (34–47)	33 (30–40)	0.014
CDH severity at US2					0.001
Mild	7 (70)	5 (50)	8 (33)	0 (0)
Moderate	1 (10)	3 (30)	15 (63)	4 (100)
Severe	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (4)	0 (0)
N.A.	2 (20)	2 (20)	0 (0)	0 (0)
US3	n = 19	n = 26	n = 45	n = 8
Liver position at US3: Up	1 (5)	0 (0)	26 (58)	7 (88)	<0.001
O/E LHR at US3	58 (49–68)	46 (39–57)	43 (40–50)	29 (25–37)	<0.001
CDH severity at US3					<0.001
Mild	17 (90)	19 (73)	25 (56)	1 (13)
Moderate	1 (5)	3 (12)	19 (42)	5 (63)
Severe	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	2 (25)
N.A.	1 (5)	4 (15)	1 (2)	0 (0)

Note: Data are presented as numbers (% of group total), p values represent the association (by use of the Fisher exact test for liver position or Jonckheere–Terpstra test for O/E LHR) or Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (CDH severity) between the four stomach position grades and prenatal characteristics. Bold type p values indicate statistical significance. Liver position “up”: liver intrathoracic. CDH severity: combination of O/E LHR and liver position according to Jani et al. ¹⁶ : mild (O/E LHR > 46% or O/E LHR 36%–45% + liver down), moderate (O/E LHR 36%–45% + liver up or O/E LHR 26%–35%), severe (O/E LHR ≤ 25%).

Abbreviation: CDH, congenital diaphragmatic hernia.