Table 2.
Univariable and Multivariable Backward Stepwise Multinomial Logistic Regressions
| Univariable multinomial logistic regressions | Multivariable multinomial logistic regressions | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients>Proxies | Proxies>Patients | Patients>Proxies | Proxies>Patients | |||||||||
| B (SE) | ORR [95% CI] | P | B (SE) | ORR [95% CI] | P | B (SE) | ORR [95% CI] | P | B (SE) | ORR [95% CI] | P | |
| Scale 1: Domestic activities (n = 79) Patients>Proxies (n = 13) & Proxies>Patients (n = 24) | ||||||||||||
| KPS score ≤70 | 2.83 (0.83) | 16.92 [3.31–86.50] | <.01 | 0.39 (1.29) | 1.47 [0.12–18.58] | .77 | 2.43 (0.87) | 11.39 [2.06–63.02] | <.01 | |||
| Above average MOS COG–R score | 1.15 (0.67) | 3.14 [0.84–11.72] | .09 | |||||||||
| Number of neurocognitive measures impaired | 0.48 (0.17) | 1.62 [1.16–2.24] | <.01 | |||||||||
| Impaired HVLT-R direct recall | 1.46 (0.61) | 4.29 [1.31–14.03] | .02 | |||||||||
| Impaired HVLT-R delayed recall | 1.28 (0.57) | 3.60 [1.18–10.94] | .02 | |||||||||
| Impaired HVLT-R recognition discrimination | 1.79 (0.98) | 6.00 [0.88–40.87] | .07 | |||||||||
| Impaired TMT-A | 1.44 (0.80) | 4.22 [0.88–20.19] | .07 | 2.25 (0.67) | 9.50 [2.58–35.02] | <.01 | 1.12 (0.86) | 3.07 [0.57–16.44] | .19 | 1.83 (0.72) | 6.25 [1.51–25.81] | .01 |
| Impaired COWAT | 1.49 (0.64) | 4.44 [1.28–15.45] | .02 | |||||||||
| Scale 2: Activities requiring extended focus (n = 80) Patients>Proxies (n = 22) & Proxies>Patients (n = 16) | ||||||||||||
| KPS score ≤70 | 1.75 (0.69) | 5.76 [1.48–22.41] | .01 | |||||||||
| Above average MOS COG–R score | –1.08 (0.59) | 2.94 [0.93–9.26] | .07 | 1.20 (0.64) | 3.31 [0.95–11.57] | .06 | ||||||
| Number of neurocognitive measures impaired | 0.42 (0.17) | 1.52 [1.09–2.12] | .01 | |||||||||
| Impaired HVLT-R direct recall | 1.36 (0.65) | 3.89 [1.08–13.96] | .04 | |||||||||
| Impaired HVLT-R delayed recall | 1.16 (0.62) | 3.20 [0.95–10.73] | .06 | |||||||||
| Impaired COWAT | 1.61 (0.65) | 5.00 [1.40–17.85] | .01 | –1.39 (1.11) | 0.25 [0.03–2.18] | .21 | 1.61 (0.65) | 5.00 [1.40–17.85] | .01 | |||
| Scale 3: Modern devices and communication skills (n = 77) Patients>Proxies (n = 20) & Proxies>Patients (n = 19) | ||||||||||||
| KPS score ≤70 | 2.20 (1.16) | 9.00 [0.93–87.03] | .06 | 3.27 (1.12) | 26.18 [2.94–232.95] | <.01 | 2.12 (1.17) | 8.30 [0.85–81.42] | .07 | 3.00 (1.15) | 20.16 [2.12–191.72] | <.01 |
| Active treatment | 1.22 (0.61) | 3.38 [1.03–11.11] | <.05 | |||||||||
| Number of neurocognitive measures impaired | 0.46 (0.17) | 1.59 [1.13–2.23] | <.01 | 0.23 (0.20) | 1.26 [0.85–1.87] | .26 | 0.50 (0.21) | 1.65 [1.10–2.49] | .02 | |||
| Impaired HVLT-R direct recall | 1.14 (0.65) | 3.11 [0.87–11.15] | .08 | |||||||||
| Impaired HVLT-R delayed recall | 1.22 (0.61) | 3.38 [1.03–11.11] | <.05 | |||||||||
| Impaired TMT-A | 1.57 (0.64) | 4.80 [1.37–16.81] | .01 | |||||||||
| Impaired COWAT | 1.57 (0.67) | 4.80 [1.30–17.78] | .02 | |||||||||
| Scale 4: Administrative tasks (n = 77) Patients>Proxies (n = 20) & Proxies>Patients (n = 20) | ||||||||||||
| Active treatment | 1.53 (0.67) | 4.60 [1.25–16.97] | .02 | 1.60 (0.69) | 4.94 [1.28–19.03] | .02 | 0.24 (0.68) | 1.27 [0.33–4.83] | .73 | |||
| Number of neurocognitive measures impaired | 0.42 (0.17) | 1.52 [1.09–2.12] | .01 | –0.10 (0.22) | 0.91 [0.60–1.39] | .66 | 0.40 (0.17) | 1.49 [1.07–2.07] | .02 | |||
| Impaired HVLT-R direct recall | 1.03 (0.62) | 2.81 [0.83–9.56] | <.10 | |||||||||
| Impaired HVLT-R delayed recall | 1.09 (0.59) | 2.98 [0.93–9.52] | .07 | |||||||||
| Impaired TMT-A | 1.58 (0.66) | 4.88 [1.35–17.65] | .02 | |||||||||
| Impaired TMT-B | 0.94 (0.55) | 2.56 [0.87–7.57] | .09 | |||||||||
| Scale 5: Social activities (n = 75) Patients>Proxies (n = 26) & Proxies>Patients (n = 23) | ||||||||||||
| KPS score ≤70 | 2.39 (1.12) | 10.94 [1.23–97.46] | .03 | |||||||||
| Primary brain tumor | –1.25 (0.60) | 0.27 [0.09–0.93] | .04 | –1.01 (0.63) | 0.37 [0.11–1.25] | .11 | –1.85 (0.70) | 0.16 [0.04–0.63] | <.01 | |||
| Number of neurocognitive measures impaired | 0.58 (0.21) | 1.79 [1.19–2.70] | <.01 | |||||||||
| Impaired HVLT-R direct recall | 1.67 (0.85) | 5.33 [1.01–28.21] | <.05 | 1.66 (0.86) | 5.25 [0.97–28.57] | .06 | ||||||
| Impaired TMT-A | 1.95 (0.74) | 7.03 [1.64–30.11] | <.01 | |||||||||
| Impaired TMT-B | 1.68 (0.63) | 5.35 [1.56–18.36] | <.01 | 0.99 (0.62) | 2.69 [0.80–9.02] | .11 | 2.19 (0.72) | 8.94 [2.20–36.38] | <.01 | |||
| Impaired COWAT | 1.41 (0.75) | 1.09 [0.93–17.92] | .06 | |||||||||
| Single item 1: Difficulty doing your job (paid or voluntary) (n = 30) Patients>Proxies (n = 7) & Proxies>Patients (n = 7) * | ||||||||||||
| Primary brain tumor | –2.02 (1.02) | 0.13 [0.02–0.98] | <.05 | –2.02 (1.02) | 0.13 [0.02–0.98] | <.05 | ||||||
| Active treatment | 2.02 (1.02) | 7.50 [1.02–55.00] | <.05 | |||||||||
| Number of neurocognitive measures impaired | 0.79 (0.36) | 2.21 [1.09–4.47] | .03 | |||||||||
| Impaired TMT-A | 2.23 (1.08) | 9.33 [1.14–76.69] | .04 | |||||||||
| Impaired COWAT | 1.75 (1.00) | 5.78 [0.82–40.76] | .08 | |||||||||
| Single item 2: Difficulty managing own medication (n = 73) Patients>Proxies (n = 18) & Proxies>Patients (n = 12) | ||||||||||||
| Impaired HVLT-R direct recall | 1.19 (0.64) | 3.27 [0.94–11.38] | .06 |
All variables P < .10 in the univariable analyses were included. Reference category = “Patients and proxies in agreement”.
*Sample size too small for multivariate multinomial logistic regression.
KPS, Karnofsky Performance Score; MOS COG–R, Medical Outcomes Study Cognitive Functioning Scale–Revised; HVLT-R, Hopkins Verbal Learning Test–Revised; TMT, Trail Making Test; COWAT, Controlled Oral Word Association Test.