Table 2. Variation of the phytochemical compositions (%) of blossom bud headspace VOCs among Malus sylvestris and M. domestica.
N | Components | GRa | RIb | Malus sylvestris | Malus domestica | P | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |||||
1 | Pyridine | AR | <800 | 9.02 | 10.82 | 12.85 | 12.24 | n.s. (0.09) |
2 | Nonane | A | 900 | 2.81 | 5.05 | 3.75 | 4.79 | n.s. (0.08) |
3 | α-Pinene | MT | 931 | 1.04 | 2.71 | 1.43 | 2.44 | n.s. |
4 | β-Myrcene | MT | 990 | 0.73 | 1.29 | 0.98 | 1.22 | n.s. |
5 | Hexanoic acid | FA | 992 | 0.40 | 0.82 | 0.27 | 0.51 | n.s. |
6 | U1 | 993 | 0.07 | 0.22 | 0.20 | 0.33 | n.s. | |
7 | U2 | 999 | 0.87 | 2.39 | 0.16 | 0.31 | n.s. | |
8 | α-Phellandrene | MT | 1000 | 0.07 | 0.22 | 0.41 | 0.91 | n.s. |
9 | (Z)-3-Hexen-1-yl acetate | E | 1005 | 2.57 | 2.98 | 1.82 | 2.66 | n.s. |
10 | p-Cymene | ARMT | 1021 | 0.20 | 0.56 | 0.34 | 0.56 | n.s. |
11 | D-Limonene | MT | 1024 | 0.28 | 0.78 | 0.39 | 0.67 | n.s. |
12 | 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol | OH | 1028 | 0.48 | 0.61 | 0.54 | 0.48 | n.s. |
13 | Propyl tiglate | E | 1034 | 1.14 | 1.44 | 1.42 | 1.42 | n.s. |
14 | (E)- β-Ocimene | MT | 1047 | 0.84 | 1.21 | 1.87 | 3.53 | n.s. |
15 | γ-Terpinene | MT | 1056 | 0.11 | 0.41 | 0.17 | 0.34 | n.s. |
16 | Acetophenone | AR | 1061 | 18.11 | 7.92 | 19.19 | 7.10 | * |
17 | Linalool | OMT | 1099 | 5.64 | 5.68 | 2.61 | 1.87 | n.s. |
18 | Nonanal | Al | 1100 | 1.25 | 1.06 | 1.01 | 0.58 | n.s. |
19 | 2-Phenylethanol | AR | 1110 | 0.20 | 0.38 | 0.33 | 0.44 | n.s. |
20 | (E)-4,8-Dimethylnona-1,3,7-triene | HT | 1116 | 0.52 | 0.96 | 0.61 | 1.49 | n.s. |
21 | Phenylacetonitrile | AR | 1134 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.18 | 0.49 | n.s. |
22 | 3,3-Dimethylheptanoic acid | FA | 1148 | 0.33 | 0.53 | 0.72 | 1.19 | n.s. |
23 | p-Cymen-8-ol | MT | 1182 | 0.26 | 0.34 | 0.23 | 0.40 | n.s. |
24 | Methyl Salicylate | AR | 1190 | 0.46 | 0.57 | 0.52 | 0.71 | n.s. |
25 | Hexyl butanoate | E | 1192 | 0.14 | 0.24 | 0.27 | 0.35 | n.s. |
26 | Ethyl octanoate | E | 1197 | 0.05 | 0.14 | 0.11 | 0.18 | n.s. |
27 | Dodecane | Al | 1200 | 0.32 | 0.51 | 0.25 | 0.33 | n.s. |
28 | Decanal | Al | 1204 | 2.27 | 2.39 | 1.65 | 1.36 | n.s. |
29 | β-Phenoxyethanol | OH | 1218 | 2.47 | 2.92 | 1.63 | 1.31 | n.s. |
30 | cis-3-Hexenyl isovalerate | E | 1232 | 0.08 | 0.22 | 0.04 | 0.14 | n.s. |
31 | U3 | 1271 | 0.50 | 0.29 | 0.37 | 0.28 | n.s. | |
32 | U4 | 1276 | 0.09 | 0.20 | 0.02 | 0.10 | n.s. | |
33 | U5 | 1280 | 0.31 | 0.50 | 0.60 | 0.79 | * | |
34 | Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, 1,7,7-trimethyl-, acetate, (1S-endo)- | E | 1283 | 0.08 | 0.25 | 0.02 | 0.10 | n.s. |
35 | Tridecane | A | 1300 | 2.32 | 2.73 | 2.75 | 3.39 | n.s. |
36 | U7 | 1302 | 0.12 | 0.26 | 0.09 | 0.32 | n.s. | |
37 | U8 | 1305 | 0.29 | 0.71 | 0.32 | 0.65 | n.s. | |
38 | U9 | 1313 | 0.09 | 0.28 | 0.18 | 0.55 | n.s. | |
39 | U10 | 1319 | 0.13 | 0.42 | 0.22 | 0.47 | n.s. | |
40 | U11 | 1323 | 0.08 | 0.20 | 0.14 | 0.37 | n.s. | |
41 | U12 | 1327 | 0.88 | 0.84 | 1.10 | 1.55 | n.s. | |
42 | γ-Elemene | ST | 1335 | 0.51 | 1.15 | 0.58 | 1.40 | n.s. |
43 | U13 | 1342 | 0.02 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.17 | n.s. | |
44 | U14 | 1343 | 0.39 | 0.95 | 0.49 | 1.07 | n.s. | |
45 | U15 | 1346 | 0.28 | 0.91 | 0.38 | 0.98 | n.s. | |
46 | U16 | 1354 | 0.12 | 0.25 | 0.24 | 0.58 | n.s. | |
47 | U17 | 1361 | 6.02 | 10.40 | 7.20 | 10.93 | * | |
48 | U18 | 1364 | 0.32 | 1.10 | 0.25 | 0.65 | n.s. | |
49 | 3-Methyl-tridecane | A | 1370 | 0.11 | 0.25 | 0.07 | 0.22 | n.s. |
50 | ß-Bourbonene | ST | 1384 | 0.77 | 1.75 | 0.40 | 0.68 | n.s. |
51 | U19 | 1387 | 1.65 | 2.75 | 1.69 | 2.17 | * | |
52 | U20 | 1394 | 1.06 | 1.94 | 0.95 | 1.32 | n.s. | |
53 | Dodecanal | Al | 1407 | 3.72 | 4.13 | 1.46 | 1.28 | n.s. |
54 | U21 | 1426 | 0.05 | 0.19 | 0.30 | 0.91 | n.s. | |
55 | ß-Copaene | ST | 1446 | 0.93 | 2.27 | 0.33 | 0.52 | n.s. |
56 | U22 | 1448 | 0.90 | 0.96 | 0.69 | 0.81 | n.s. | |
57 | Geranyl Acetone | K | 1450 | 0.88 | 1.78 | 0.60 | 1.11 | n.s. |
58 | U23 | 1451 | 0.43 | 0.90 | 0.86 | 1.45 | n.s. | |
59 | p-Benzoquinone, 2,6-di-tert-butyl- | MMT | 1464 | 0.61 | 0.54 | 0.38 | 0.33 | n.s. |
60 | U24 | 1474 | 1.79 | 6.50 | 0.64 | 1.65 | n.s. | |
61 | U25 | 1474 | 0.45 | 1.20 | 0.83 | 1.67 | n.s. | |
62 | γ-Muurolene | ST | 1475 | 0.74 | 2.89 | 0.17 | 0.25 | n.s. |
63 | U26 | 1478 | 0.47 | 0.52 | 0.37 | 0.56 | n.s. | |
64 | Germacrene D | ST | 1479 | 2.73 | 4.87 | 1.91 | 2.36 | n.s. |
65 | 1-Pentadecene | AE | 1491 | 0.59 | 1.60 | 0.47 | 0.86 | n.s. |
66 | Bicyclogermacrene | ST | 1495 | 0.36 | 0.80 | 0.49 | 1.45 | n.s. |
67 | U27 | 1495 | 1.40 | 3.06 | 1.30 | 2.10 | n.s. | |
68 | Pentadecane | A | 1500 | 0.94 | 1.24 | 0.87 | 0.73 | n.s. |
69 | α-Farnesene | ST | 1508 | 6.16 | 7.05 | 6.39 | 11.54 | n.s. |
70 | γ-Cadinene | ST | 1512 | 0.19 | 0.38 | 0.21 | 0.34 | n.s. |
71 | δ-Cadinene | ST | 1523 | 0.27 | 0.44 | 0.30 | 0.35 | n.s. |
72 | α-Cadinene | ST | 1536 | 0.85 | 1.54 | 1.09 | 2.08 | n.s. |
73 | U28 | 1541 | 1.69 | 3.81 | 1.71 | 2.74 | * | |
74 | U29 | 1549 | 0.41 | 1.40 | 0.43 | 0.91 | n.s. | |
75 | U30 | K | 1552 | 0.55 | 1.78 | 0.63 | 1.15 | * |
Notes.
GR = group of chemical compounds (A, alkane; AR, aromatic compound; Al, aldehyde; ARMT, aromatic monoterpene; E, ester; FA, fatty acid conjugate; K, ketone; MMT, monocyclic monoterpenoid; MT, monoterpene; OH, alcohol; OMT, oxygenated monoterpene; ST, sesquiterpenoid; HT, homoterpene).
RI = retention index (DB5—fused silica capillary column 30 m × 0.25 mm i.d., 0.25 µm film thickness) experimentally determined using a homologue series of n-alkanes.
GR = group of chemical compounds (A, alkane; AE, alkene; K, ketone; MMT, monocyclic monoterpenoid; ST, sesquiterpenoid).
RI = retention index (DB5—fused silica capillary column 30 m × 0.25 mm i.d., 0.25 µm film thickness) experimentally determined using a homologue series of n-alkanes.