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. 2022 Jul 15;10:e13566. doi: 10.7717/peerj.13566

Table 2. Variation of the phytochemical compositions (%) of blossom bud headspace VOCs among Malus sylvestris and M. domestica.

N Components GRa RIb Malus sylvestris Malus domestica P
Mean SD Mean SD
1 Pyridine AR <800 9.02 10.82 12.85 12.24 n.s. (0.09)
2 Nonane A 900 2.81 5.05 3.75 4.79 n.s. (0.08)
3 α-Pinene MT 931 1.04 2.71 1.43 2.44 n.s.
4 β-Myrcene MT 990 0.73 1.29 0.98 1.22 n.s.
5 Hexanoic acid FA 992 0.40 0.82 0.27 0.51 n.s.
6 U1 993 0.07 0.22 0.20 0.33 n.s.
7 U2 999 0.87 2.39 0.16 0.31 n.s.
8 α-Phellandrene MT 1000 0.07 0.22 0.41 0.91 n.s.
9 (Z)-3-Hexen-1-yl acetate E 1005 2.57 2.98 1.82 2.66 n.s.
10 p-Cymene ARMT 1021 0.20 0.56 0.34 0.56 n.s.
11 D-Limonene MT 1024 0.28 0.78 0.39 0.67 n.s.
12 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol OH 1028 0.48 0.61 0.54 0.48 n.s.
13 Propyl tiglate E 1034 1.14 1.44 1.42 1.42 n.s.
14 (E)- β-Ocimene MT 1047 0.84 1.21 1.87 3.53 n.s.
15 γ-Terpinene MT 1056 0.11 0.41 0.17 0.34 n.s.
16 Acetophenone AR 1061 18.11 7.92 19.19 7.10 *
17 Linalool OMT 1099 5.64 5.68 2.61 1.87 n.s.
18 Nonanal Al 1100 1.25 1.06 1.01 0.58 n.s.
19 2-Phenylethanol AR 1110 0.20 0.38 0.33 0.44 n.s.
20 (E)-4,8-Dimethylnona-1,3,7-triene HT 1116 0.52 0.96 0.61 1.49 n.s.
21 Phenylacetonitrile AR 1134 0.00 0.00 0.18 0.49 n.s.
22 3,3-Dimethylheptanoic acid FA 1148 0.33 0.53 0.72 1.19 n.s.
23 p-Cymen-8-ol MT 1182 0.26 0.34 0.23 0.40 n.s.
24 Methyl Salicylate AR 1190 0.46 0.57 0.52 0.71 n.s.
25 Hexyl butanoate E 1192 0.14 0.24 0.27 0.35 n.s.
26 Ethyl octanoate E 1197 0.05 0.14 0.11 0.18 n.s.
27 Dodecane Al 1200 0.32 0.51 0.25 0.33 n.s.
28 Decanal Al 1204 2.27 2.39 1.65 1.36 n.s.
29 β-Phenoxyethanol OH 1218 2.47 2.92 1.63 1.31 n.s.
30 cis-3-Hexenyl isovalerate E 1232 0.08 0.22 0.04 0.14 n.s.
31 U3 1271 0.50 0.29 0.37 0.28 n.s.
32 U4 1276 0.09 0.20 0.02 0.10 n.s.
33 U5 1280 0.31 0.50 0.60 0.79 *
34 Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, 1,7,7-trimethyl-, acetate, (1S-endo)- E 1283 0.08 0.25 0.02 0.10 n.s.
35 Tridecane A 1300 2.32 2.73 2.75 3.39 n.s.
36 U7 1302 0.12 0.26 0.09 0.32 n.s.
37 U8 1305 0.29 0.71 0.32 0.65 n.s.
38 U9 1313 0.09 0.28 0.18 0.55 n.s.
39 U10 1319 0.13 0.42 0.22 0.47 n.s.
40 U11 1323 0.08 0.20 0.14 0.37 n.s.
41 U12 1327 0.88 0.84 1.10 1.55 n.s.
42 γ-Elemene ST 1335 0.51 1.15 0.58 1.40 n.s.
43 U13 1342 0.02 0.09 0.09 0.17 n.s.
44 U14 1343 0.39 0.95 0.49 1.07 n.s.
45 U15 1346 0.28 0.91 0.38 0.98 n.s.
46 U16 1354 0.12 0.25 0.24 0.58 n.s.
47 U17 1361 6.02 10.40 7.20 10.93 *
48 U18 1364 0.32 1.10 0.25 0.65 n.s.
49 3-Methyl-tridecane A 1370 0.11 0.25 0.07 0.22 n.s.
50 ß-Bourbonene ST 1384 0.77 1.75 0.40 0.68 n.s.
51 U19 1387 1.65 2.75 1.69 2.17 *
52 U20 1394 1.06 1.94 0.95 1.32 n.s.
53 Dodecanal Al 1407 3.72 4.13 1.46 1.28 n.s.
54 U21 1426 0.05 0.19 0.30 0.91 n.s.
55 ß-Copaene ST 1446 0.93 2.27 0.33 0.52 n.s.
56 U22 1448 0.90 0.96 0.69 0.81 n.s.
57 Geranyl Acetone K 1450 0.88 1.78 0.60 1.11 n.s.
58 U23 1451 0.43 0.90 0.86 1.45 n.s.
59 p-Benzoquinone, 2,6-di-tert-butyl- MMT 1464 0.61 0.54 0.38 0.33 n.s.
60 U24 1474 1.79 6.50 0.64 1.65 n.s.
61 U25 1474 0.45 1.20 0.83 1.67 n.s.
62 γ-Muurolene ST 1475 0.74 2.89 0.17 0.25 n.s.
63 U26 1478 0.47 0.52 0.37 0.56 n.s.
64 Germacrene D ST 1479 2.73 4.87 1.91 2.36 n.s.
65 1-Pentadecene AE 1491 0.59 1.60 0.47 0.86 n.s.
66 Bicyclogermacrene ST 1495 0.36 0.80 0.49 1.45 n.s.
67 U27 1495 1.40 3.06 1.30 2.10 n.s.
68 Pentadecane A 1500 0.94 1.24 0.87 0.73 n.s.
69 α-Farnesene ST 1508 6.16 7.05 6.39 11.54 n.s.
70 γ-Cadinene ST 1512 0.19 0.38 0.21 0.34 n.s.
71 δ-Cadinene ST 1523 0.27 0.44 0.30 0.35 n.s.
72 α-Cadinene ST 1536 0.85 1.54 1.09 2.08 n.s.
73 U28 1541 1.69 3.81 1.71 2.74 *
74 U29 1549 0.41 1.40 0.43 0.91 n.s.
75 U30 K 1552 0.55 1.78 0.63 1.15 *

Notes.

a

GR = group of chemical compounds (A, alkane; AR, aromatic compound; Al, aldehyde; ARMT, aromatic monoterpene; E, ester; FA, fatty acid conjugate; K, ketone; MMT, monocyclic monoterpenoid; MT, monoterpene; OH, alcohol; OMT, oxygenated monoterpene; ST, sesquiterpenoid; HT, homoterpene).

b

RI = retention index (DB5—fused silica capillary column 30 m × 0.25 mm i.d., 0.25 µm film thickness) experimentally determined using a homologue series of n-alkanes.

a

GR = group of chemical compounds (A, alkane; AE, alkene; K, ketone; MMT, monocyclic monoterpenoid; ST, sesquiterpenoid).

b

RI = retention index (DB5—fused silica capillary column 30 m × 0.25 mm i.d., 0.25 µm film thickness) experimentally determined using a homologue series of n-alkanes.