TABLE 1.
Demographic and clinical factors
| Variable | EOS (n = 53) | AOS (n = 46) | Statistics | Adjusted statistics a | Adjusted statistics b |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 31.7 ± 9.2 | 41.8 ± 9.9 |
t (df = 97) = −5.2 p < 0.0001 |
F (df = 1,96) = 120.9 p < 0.0001 |
|
| Gender (m/f%) | 69.8/30.2 | 63.0/37.0 |
χ (df = 1) = 0.51 p = 0.52 |
||
| Years of schooling | 12.3 ± 2.4 | 12.4 ± 3.4 |
t (df = 97) = −0.2 p = 0.85 |
F (df = 1,96) = 0.5 p = 0.46 |
F (df = 1,96) = 0.25 p = 0.86 |
| Age at onset | 16.6 ± 3.09 | 26.9 ± 5.9 |
t (df = 96) = 10.96 p < 0.0001 |
F (df = 1,96) = 74.37 p < 0.0001 |
F (df = 1,96) = 121.6 p < 0.0001 |
| AaFP | 18.7 ± 4.2 | 28.2 ± 6.2 |
t (df = 97) = −8.9 p < 0.0001 |
F (df = 1,96) = 45.02 p < 0.0001 |
F (df = 1,96) = 78.6 p < 0.0001 |
| PANSS total | 93.8 ± 17.9 | 86.7 ± 14.1 |
t (df = 97) = 2.2 p = 0.03 |
F (df = 1,96) = 5.6 p = 0.02 |
F (df = 1,96) = 4.5 p = 0.03 |
|
PANSS General psychopathology |
49 ± 9.9 | 45 ± 7.8 |
t (df = 97) = 2.2 p = 0.03 |
F (df = 1,96) = 6.4 p = 0.01 |
F (df = 1,96) = 4.9 p = 0.02 |
| Disorganization factor | 31.8 ± 7.7 | 28.5 ± 5.3 |
t (df = 92) = 2.4 p = 0.02 |
F (df = 1,91) = 7.5 p = 0.007 |
F (df = 1,91) = 5.2 p = 0.02 |
| NES total | 20.6 ± 12 | 18.2 ± 8.3 |
t (df = 97) = 1.1 p = 0.25 |
F (df = 1,96) = 5.4 p = 0.02 |
F (df = 1,96) = 1.2 p = 0.26 |
| Visuospatial memory | 27.4 ± 16.4 | 35.2 ± 13 |
t (df = 72) = −2.3 p = 0.03 |
F (df = 1,71) = 7.1 p = 0.01 |
F (df = 1,71) = 4.7 p = 0.03 |
| UPSA total | 65.4 ± 20.8 | 72.5 ± 17.6 |
t (df = 97) = −1.8 p = 0.07 |
F (df = 1,96) = 11.1 p < 0.001 |
F (df = 1,96)=3.4 p = 0.06 |
| PSP total | 44.8 ± 14.3 | 51.5 ± 12.9 |
t (df = 97) = −2.4 p = 0.02 |
F (df = 1,96) = 9.01 p = 0.003 |
F (df = 1,96) = 6.01 p = 0.016 |
| SLOF Area 5—Community living | 40.8 ± 6.8 | 45.8 ± 5.8 |
t (df = 87) = 3.7 p < 0.0001 |
F (df = 1,86) = 16.3 p < 0.0001 |
F (df = 1,86) = 13.6 p < 0.0001 |
Note: The table describes means and SD (rates for gender) of demographic and clinical factors in the groups of early onset (EOS) and adult onset (AOS) schizophrenia patients. Significant differences have been highlighted in bold. Trends toward significance (p > 0.05 and <0.08) were given in italics. Additional significant results are given in Table S1.
Abbreviations: AaFP, age at first psychiatric contact; NES, Neurological Examination Scale; PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; PSP, Personal and Social Performance scale; SLOF, Specific Level of Functioning scale; UPSA, University of San Diego Performance‐based Skills Assessment scale.
Adjustment for age.
Adjustment for duration of illness.