Figure 1.

Circulating Cytokines Levels in Fulminant COVID-19–Related Myocarditis

Comparison of 6 circulating serum cytokines levels (IL-8, -10, -17, -22, IFN-α2, and TNF-α) in patients with MIS-A⁺/MIS-A⁻ and healthy controls. MIS-A⁺ had higher IL-22, IL-17, and TNF-α, whereas MIS-A⁻ had higher IFN-α2 and IL-8. Methods: serum concentrations of IL-8, IL-10, IL-22 and TNF-α were measured on a Quanterix SP-X imaging and analysis platform using the Human CorPlex Cytokine Panel Array kit (Quanterix). Single-plex bead-based ultrasensitive immunodetection of IL-17A and IFN-α was performed by digital ELISA using the Simoa (single molecule array) HD-1 analyzer (Quanterix), according to the manufacturer’s instructions. For box and whisker plots: the center line denotes the median value (50th percentile), whereas the box contains the 25th to 75th percentiles of dataset. The whiskers mark the 5th and 95th percentiles. IFN = interferon; IL = interleukin; MIS-A = multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults; TNF = tumor necrosis factor.