Table 1.
Preoperative characteristics in patients with or without post-hepatectomy liver failure with post-hepatectomy liver failure defined according to the International Study Group of Liver Surgery and according to ‘50–50 criteria’ by Balzan et al.
| All patients | PHLF according to ISGLS | PHLF according to ‘50-50 criteria’ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 799 | ISGLS 0 n = 581 | ISGLS A n = 115 | ISGLS B/C n = 103 | P *,† | No PHLF n = 763 | PHLF n = 36 | P † | |
| Patient characteristics | ||||||||
| Age (years), median (range) | 65 (18–85) | 66 (20–85) | 63 (18–83) | 66 (26–82) | 0.149‡ | 66 (18-85) | 63.5 (26–80) | 0.386‡ |
| Sex ratio (M:F) | 438:55 | 293:50 | 82:71 | 63:61 | <0.001 | 411:54 | 27:75 | 0.013 |
| Diabetes | 106 (13) | 73 (13) | 11 (10) | 22 (21) | 0.026 | 99 (13) | 7 (19) | 0.310 |
| Pulmonary disease | 78 (10) | 61 (11) | 12 (11) | 5 (5) | 0.185 | 76 (10) | 2 (6) | 0.567 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 330 (41) | 247 (43) | 35 (31) | 48 (47) | 0.039 | 314 (41) | 16 (44) | 0.705 |
| Tumour/liver characteristics | ||||||||
| Cirrhosis | 27 (3) | 11 (2) | 3 (3) | 13 (13) | <0.001 | 22 (3) | 5 (14) | 0.005 |
| Tumour type | ||||||||
| CRLM | 418 (52) | 312 (54) | 64 (56) | 42 (41) | <0.001 | 402 (53) | 16 (44) | <0.001 |
| HCC | 62 (8) | 46 (8) | 11 (10) | 5 (5) | 59 (8) | 3 (8) | ||
| pCCC | 94 (12) | 53 (9) | 15 (13) | 26 (25) | 86 (11) | 8 (22) | ||
| iCCA | 68 (9) | 57 (10) | 7 (6) | 4 (4) | 67 (9) | 1 (3) | ||
| Gallbladder cancer | 20 (3) | 6 (1) | 3 (3) | 11 (11) | 15 (2) | 5 (14) | ||
| Other malignant tumours | 60 (8) | 48 (8) | 8 (7) | 4 (4) | 59 (8) | 1 (3) | ||
| Benign tumours | 77 (10) | 59 (10) | 7 (6) | 11 (11) | 75 (10) | 2 (6) | ||
| Preoperative tests | ||||||||
| Bilirubin (μmol/l), median (range) | 7 (0–290) | 6 (0–58) | 9 (3–123) | 9 (2–290) | <0.001‡ | 7 (0–290) | 9 (3–62) | 0.008‡ |
| INR, median (range) | 1.0 (0.8–2.5) | 1.0 (0.8–2.5) | 1.0 (0.8–2.5) | 1.0 (0.8–1.6) | 0.074‡ | 1 (0.8–2.5) | 1. (0.9–1.5) | 0.024‡ |
| Albumin (g/l), median (range) | 35 (16–472) | 35 (16–114) | 35 (26–472) | 34.5 (22–45) | 0.191‡ | 35 (16–472) | 36.5 (22–45) | 0.312‡ |
| AST (µkat/l), median (range) | 0.56 (0.22–8.98) | 0.53 (0.22–8.98) | 0.59 (0.28–3.61) | 0.67 (0.3–2.23) | <0.001‡ | 0.55 (0.22–8.98) | 0.65 (0.3–2.1) | 0.086‡ |
| ALT (µkat/l), median (range) | 0.49 (0.11–8.35) | 0.45 (0.11–8.35) | 0.53 (0.14–6.8) | 0.76 (0.18–3.85) | <0.001‡ | 0.48 (0.11–8.35) | 0.62 (0.19–3.85) | 0.121‡ |
Values are n (%) unless otherwise indicated.
P value refers to a comparison between all three groups.
Categorical variables were compared with the chi-squared test or Fisher’s exact test as appropriate. Continuous variables were compared with the Wilcoxon rank sum test (two-group comparison) or Kruskal–Wallis equality-of-populations rank test (three-group comparison).
Wilcoxon rank sum test or Kruskal–Wallis equality-of-populations rank test. PHLF, post-hepatectomy liver failure; ISGLS, International Study Group of Liver Surgery; CRLM, colorectal cancer liver metastases; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; pCCC, perihilar cholangiocarcinoma; iCCA, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma; INR, International Normalized Ratio; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase.