Table 2.
Baseline echocardiographic characteristics
| Overall population | No significant reverse remodelling | Incomplete reverse remodelling | Complete reverse remodelling | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 923) | (n = 288) | (n = 414) | (n = 221) | ||
| LV EDV (mL) | 189 (149–243) | 181 (145–237) | 189 (151–244) | 199 (146–250) | 0.223 |
| LV ESV (mL) | 138 (102–179) | 129 (97–172) | 138 (104–176) | 145 (106–190)* | 0.027 |
| LVEF (%) | 27.7 (±8.0) | 29.1 (±7.5) | 27.5 (±8.2)* | 26.2 (±7.9)* | <0.001 |
| LV GLS (%) | 7.6 (±3.4) | 8.6 (±3.4) | 7.7 (±3.3)* | 6.0 (±2.8)*† | <0.001 |
| LAVi (mL/m2) | 43 (±19) | 43 (±22) | 43 (±17) | 43 (±18) | 0.921 |
| LARS (%) | 12.7 (7.8–18.4) | 15.9 (10.0–21.4) | 12.2 (7.5–17.8)* | 10.2 (6.3–15.3)*† | <0.001 |
| Moderate or severe MR (%) | 340 (36.8%) | 101 (35.1%) | 150 (36.2%) | 89 (40.3%) | 0.505 |
| RVEDA (cm2) | 22.3 (±6.9) | 22.4 (±7.2) | 22.1 (±6.8) | 22.4 (±7.0) | 0.817 |
| RVESA (cm2) | 14.3 (±6.1) | 14.3 (±6.2) | 14.2 (±5.9) | 14.5 (±6.3) | 0.802 |
| TAPSE (mm) | 16.4 (±4.7) | 16.7 (±4.8) | 16.3 (±4.4) | 16.3 (±5.2) | 0.481 |
| RA area (cm2) | 17.7 (14.2–22.7) | 17.7 (14.3–22.4) | 17.7 (14.4–22.0) | 17.6 (14.0–23.8) | 0.916 |
| TR velocity (m/s) | 2.6 (±0.6) | 2.6 (±0.6) | 2.6 (±0.6) | 2.6 (±0.6) | 0.457 |
| PASP | 35.0 (±13.8) | 35.2 (±15.0) | 34.4 (±12.8) | 35.9 (±13.9) | 0.530 |
| Moderate or severe TR (%) | 177 (19.2%) | 51 (17.7%) | 75 (18.1%) | 51(23.1%) | 0.116 |
Values are presented as mean ± SD, median (IQR), or n (%).
EDA, end-diastolic area; EDV, end-diastolic volume; EF, ejection fraction; ESA, end-systolic area; ESV, end-systolic volume; GLS, global longitudinal strain; LARS, left atrium reservoir strain; LAVi, left atrial volume index; LV, left ventricle; PASP, pulmonary artery systolic pressure; RA, right atrium; TR, tricuspid regurgitation; RV, right ventricle; TAPSE, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion.
*
P < 0.05 vs. no significant reverse remodelling.
†
P < 0.05 vs. incomplete reverse remodelling.