Table 3.
Adjusted Odds Ratios and Adjusted Prevalence Ratios for Adverse Mental Health Outcomes
| Depression |
Anxiety |
Post-traumatic stress |
Impact of COVID-19 |
Insomnia |
Psychological distress |
Alcohol use |
Prevalence risk |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| aOR (95% CI) | APR (95% CI) | |||||||
| SGM status (Reference: non-SGM) | 1.301 ** (1.100–1.471) | |||||||
| SGM | 1.887 ** (1.127–3.161) | 1.807 ** (1.096–2.976) | 1.197 (0.729–1.964) | 1.539 (0.933–2.537) | 1.149 (0.604–2.186) | 1.848 (0.993–3.437) | 1.355 (0.839–2.189) | |
| Race (Reference: White) | 0.969(0.910–1.032) | |||||||
| Black | 0.727 (0.356–1.486) | 0.681 (0.348–1.333) | 1.042 (0.556–1.951) | 1.446 (0.767–2.726) | 0.781 (0.337–1.810) | 0.584 (0.208–1.639) | 0.326 *** (0.174–0.611) | |
| Latinx/Hispanic | 0.940 (0.521–1.696) | 1.516 (0.883–2.601) | 1.524 (0.899–2.583) | 1.629 (0.948–2.801) | 1.221 (0.623–2.396) | 1.311 (0.637–2.698) | 0.277 *** (0.160–0.478) | |
| Asian | 0.702 (0.387–1.273) | 1.102 (0.664–1.826) | 0.850 (0.514–1.406) | 0.832 (0.494–1.399) | 0.571 (0.268–1.220) | 1.226 (0.601–2.499) | 0.348 *** (0.217–0.559) | |
| Multi/Biracial | 1.199 (0.576–2.495) | 1.275 (0.631–2.579) | 1.076 (0.544–2.128) | 0.740 (0.356–1.541) | 0.884 (0.356–2.195) | 0.794 (0.2820–2.237) | 0.206 *** (0.099–0.430) | |
| Income (Reference: $100k+) | 1.178 ** (1.040–1.334) | |||||||
| $0–60k | 2.372 ** (1.299–4.330) | 1.864 * (1.060–3.276) | 1.105 (0.631–1.936) | 1.520 (0.856–2.700) | 1.510 (0.703–3.243) | 3.147 ** (1.511–6.556) | 1.103 (0.642–1.896) | |
| $60,001–80k | 1.087 (0.621–1.901) | 1.142 (0.695–1.876) | 0.964 (0.593–1.566) | 1.010 (0.611–1.668) | 1.488 (0.768–2.884) | 1.325 (0.638–2.749) | 0.684 (0.428–1.093) | |
| $80,001–100k | 1.656 (0.921–2.977) | 1.987 * (1.153–3.425) | 1.179 (0.692–2.008) | 1.699 (0.989–2.917) | 2.385 * (1.221–4.660) | 1.593 (0.728–3.486) | 0.719 (0.424–1.221) | |
| Age (Reference: younger) | 0.989 *** (0.983–0.995) | |||||||
| Older | 0.981 * (0.963–1.000) | 0.979 * (0.963–0.996) | 0.973 ** (0.957–0.989) | 0.990 (0.973–1.006) | 0.994 (0.973–1.017) | 0.998 (0.975–1.022) | 0.990 (0.975–1.004) | |
| COVID-19 Stressors (Reference: no) | ||||||||
| 1. Scared you may have. | 1.359 (0.884–2.090) | 1.269 (0.854–1.885) | 1.396 (0.952–2.049) | 1.272 (0.859–1.886) | 1.326 (0.795–2.214) | 0.971 (0.552–1.709) | 1.338 (0.909–1.970) | 1.192 * (1.042–1.362) |
| 2. Scared you may infect. | 1.153 (0.704–1.888) | 1.923 ** (1.224–3.020) | 1.628 * (1.048–2.530) | 1.913 ** (1.209–3.026) | 1.043 (0.573–1.900) | 0.916 (0.495–1.696) | 0.890 (0.599–1.321) | 1.345 ** (1.136–1.593) |
| 3. Redeployed to COVID-19. | 1.434 (0.943–2.180) | 1.256 (0.853–1.850) | 1.293 (0.886–1.887) | 1.478 * (1.007–2.168) | 1.392 (0.850–2.281) | 1.016 (0.583–1.773) | 0.970 (0.670–1.405) | 1.186 ** (1.038–1.356) |
| 4. Lack of autonomy. | 2.658 *** (1.695–4.169) | 3.010 *** (2.033–4.455) | 1.551 * (1.066–2.258) | 1.957 ** (1.326–2.890) | 2.756 ** (1.554–4.890) | 1.986 * (1.105–3.569) | 1.334 (0.928–1.916) | 1.767 *** (1.521–2.052) |
| 5. Inadequate PPE | 1.360 (0.880–2.102) | 0.966 (0.654–1.426) | 1.702 ** (1.164–2.489) | 1.416 (0.959–2.090) | 1.135 (0.673–1.916) | 1.555 (0.873–2.772) | 0.733 (0.508–1.057) | 1.219 ** (1.056–1.407) |
aORs and APRs, adjusted for demographics and COVID-19 stressors. Bold = significance.
*
p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.
aORs, adjusted odds ratios; APRs, adjusted prevalence ratios.