Table 1.
Mean differences and absolute values of haemodynamic parameters during normotensive pregnancies
| Haemodynamic parameter | Non‐pregnant | Gestational age interval | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <14 weeks | 15–21 weeks | 22–28 weeks | 29–35 weeks | 36–41 weeks | |||
| Cardiac output (l·min–1) | MD | – | 0.68 (0.52–0.84) | 1.27 (0.98–1.55) | 1.23 (1.12–1.35) | 1.41 (1.18–1.64) | 1.16 (0.95–1.37) |
| cMD | – | – | 0.82 (0.54–1.10) | 1.41 (1.29–1.53) | – | 1.56 (1.33–1.78) | |
| % | – | 14 (11–18) | 26 (20–32) | 27 (24–29) | 29 (24–34) | 24 (20–28) | |
| Abs | 4.82 (4.68–4.97) | 5.48 (5.11–5.85) | 6.19 (5.73–6.66) | 5.95 (5.67–6.24) | 6.28 (5.91–6.65) | 6.03 (5.74–6.32) | |
| Total peripheral vascular resistance (dyne·sec–1·cm–5) | MD | – | −188 (−249 to −127) | −293 (−348 to −238) | −331 (−383 to −279) | −312 (−367 to −258) | −226 (−340 to −111) |
| cMD | – | −424 (−476 to −373) | −405 (−516 to −295) | ||||
| % | – | −14 (−19 to −10) | −23 (−28 to −19) | −25 (−28 to −21) | −24 (−29 to −20) | −17 (−26 to −9) | |
| Abs | 1358 (1299–1417) | 1178 (1070–1286) | 988 (884–1093) | 1022 (979–1064) | 972 (921–1024) | 1080 (985–1174) | |
| Stroke volume (ml) | MD | – | 5.1 (2.7–7.4) | 9.7 (6.2–13.2) | 8.5 (6.7–10.3) | 6.6 (3.4–9.9) | 2.6 (−1.7 to 6.8) |
| cMD | – | 4.7 (1.3–8.0) | |||||
| % | – | 7 (4–11) | 14 (9–19) | 13 (10–15) | 10 (5–14) | 4 (−2 to 9) | |
| Abs | 69.5 (66.9–72.2) | 73.5 (67.4–79.7) | 79.8 (73.7–85.8) | 76.8 (72.5–81.2) | 75.6 (71.5–79.6) | 74.1 (69.4–78.7) | |
| Heart rate (bpm) | MD | – | 5.9 (4.7–7.0) | 9.4 (8.2–10.6) | 10.7 (9.2–12.2) | 14.6 (13.4–15.8) | 13.5 (12.4–14.6) |
| cMD | – | 8.0 (6.8–9.3) | – | – | – | – | |
| % | – | 9 (7–10) | 14 (12–15) | 16 (13–18) | 21 (19–23) | 19 (18–21) | |
| Abs | 69.4 (68.5–70.3) | 75.0 (73.2–76.7) | 79.3 (77.4–81.3) | 80.1 (78.9–81.2) | 84.4 (82.4–86.4) | 83.6 (82.3–84.8) | |
Values are reported as mean differences (MD) and relative change (%) compared with reference and as absolute values (Abs), with 95% confidence interval. MDs corrected for publication bias (cMD) are presented for gestational age intervals with statistically significant funnel plot asymmetry.