TABLE 2.
Estimated LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) shrunk coefficients and coefficients from the prespecified model together with penalized maximum likelihood estimation
| Variables | LASSO model coefficients | Prespecified model coefficients (SE) |
|---|---|---|
| C‐score | 0.60 | 0.62 |
| Calibration slope | 1.54 | 1.05 |
| Intercept | −0.4424 | −0.8656 (0.866) |
| Age | −0.0013 | −0.0181 (0.005) |
| Sex (male vs female) | – | −0.1379 (0.092) |
| Baseline weight | −0.0002 | – |
| Baseline EDSS | 0.0963 | 0.1683 (0.047) |
| Years since onset of symptoms | – | 0.0587 (0.063) |
| Ethnicity (white vs other) | – | −0.0142 (0.117) |
| No. of relapses 1 year prior to study | 0.2971 | 0.5963 (0.170) |
| Months since prestudy relapse | – | −0.0126 (0.009) |
| Prior MS treatment group (yes vs no) | 0.0241 | 0.1901 (0.085) |
| Region (India vs Eastern Europe) | 0.0000 | – |
| Region (North America vs Eastern Europe) | 0.0000 | – |
| Region (Rest of world vs Eastern Europe) | 0.0000 | – |
| Region (Western Europe vs Eastern Europe) | 0.2374 | – |
| Timed 25‐Foot Walk | – | −0.1718 (0.158) |
| 9‐Hole Peg Test | – | 0.3011 (0.208) |
| PASAT‐3 | – | 0.0029 (0.004) |
| VFT 2.5% | – | −0.0010 (0.004) |
| Baseline Gadolinium volume | 0.0001 | – |
| Baseline SF‐36 PCS | −0.0120 | −0.0195 (0.005) |
| Baseline SF‐36 MCS | – | 0.036 (0.004) |
| Baseline actual distance walked (>500 vs ≤500) | −0.0746 | – |
Note: The discrimination (C‐score) and the calibration slopes are also shown.
Abbreviations: EDSS, expanded disability status scale; MS, multiple sclerosis; PASAT, paced auditory serial addition test; SE, standard error; SF‐36 MCS, short form‐36 mental component summary; SF‐36 PCS, short form‐36 physical component summary; VFT, visual function test.