TABLE 1.
Characteristics of participants
| Participants | All (N = 426) | Test (N = 213) (50%) | Validation (N = 213) (50%) | P‐value a |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (male) a | 325 (76%) | 166 (78%) | 159 (75%) | 0.425 |
| Age (years) | 56.5 ± 10.5 | 56.4 ± 10.1 | 56.7 ± 10.9 | 0.641 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.6 (±5.3) | 27.1 ± 5.3 | 28.2 ± 5.4 | 0.976 |
| Diabetes | 59 (14%) | 29 (14%) | 36 (14%) | 0.888 |
| Smoking (current) | 237 (56%) | 132 (63%) | 105 (50%) | 0.010 |
| Alcohol history | ||||
| Heavy drinking ≥10 years b | 276 (69%) | 135 (68%) | 141 (71%) | 0.514 |
| Abstinent at inclusion | 178 (42%) | 92 (43%) | 86 (41%) | 0.555 |
| Daily alcohol intake in active drinkers (beverage/day) | 4 (±6) | 4 (±7) | 4 (±6) | 0.769 |
| Histological features | ||||
| Fibrosis stage (F0/F1/F2/F3/F4) | 34/124/100/24/48 | 15/62/45/12/33 | 19/62/55/12/15 | 0.085 |
| Lobular inflammation grade (0/1/2/3) | 79/148/77/25 | 40/73/40/14 | 39/75/37/11 | 0.932 |
| Ballooning grade (0/1/2) | 171/104/54 | 78/55/34 | 93/49/20 | 0.074 |
| Steatosis grade (0/1/2/3) | 145/77/71/36 | 72/38/40/17 | 73/39/31/19 | 0.754 |
| Steatohepatitis | 109 (32.9%) | 58 (35%) | 51 (31%) | 0.531 |
| NAFLD activity score | 3 (±3) | 3 (±3) | 2 (±3) | 0.241 |
| TE (kPa) | 6.3 (±6.1) | 6.3 (±7.1) | 6.2 (±5.8) | 0.673 |
| Paraclinical status | ||||
| ALT (U/L) | 31 (±27) | 32 (±27) | 30 (±25) | 0.513 |
| AST (U/L) | 32 (±23) | 34 (±29) | 32 (±22) | 0.156 |
| GGT (U/L) | 66 (±146) | 72 (±146) | 64 (±131) | 0.651 |
| AP (U/L) | 79 (±40) | 81 (±45) | 78 (±35) | 0.118 |
| INR (U/L) | 1 (±0.2) | 1 (±0.2) | 1 (±0.2) | 0.443 |
| Albumin (g/L) | 43 (±5) | 43 (±5) | 43 (±4) | 0.212 |
| Platelets (×109/L) | 234 (±98) | 234 (±104) | 234 (±92) | 0.456 |
| PRO‐C3 (ng/ml) | 12.9 (±10.3) | 13.2 (±10.5) | 12.7 (±9.6) | 0.713 |
Counts are presented as N (%). Continuous data are presented as mean ± SD, non‐normal distributed data are presented as median ± IQR.
Abbreviations: ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AP, Alkaline phosphatase; BMI, Body mass index; GGT, gamma‐glutamyltransferase; INR, International Normalized Ratio; TE: transient elastography.
a
P‐value reports equality test between test‐ and validation cohorts.
b
Defined as >24 g/day for women and >36 g/day for men.