TABLE 2.
Cross‐sectional relationships of Diet Habits Questionnaire scores and meat and dairy consumption with Patient‐determined Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score severity at 2.5‐year review
| n (%) | Moderate vs. Mild | Severe vs. Mild | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mild | Moderate | Severe | aPR1 | aPR2 | aPR1 | aPR2 | |
| DHQ score a | |||||||
| 32–70 | 182/339 (53.7) | 84/339 (24.8) | 73/339 (21.5) | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] |
| >70–80 | 187/324 (57.7) | 91/324 (28.1) | 46/324 (14.2) | 1.03 (0.81, 1.31) | 0.97 (0.77, 1.22) | 0.69 (0.50, 0.95) | 0.81 (0.60, 1.09) |
| >80–89 | 231/351 (65.8) | 76/351 (21.7) | 44/351 (12.5) | 0.81 (0.62, 1.05) | 0.82 (0.64, 1.06) | 0.57 (0.41, 0.80) | 0.75 (0.55, 1.03) |
| >89–100 | 209/308 (67.9) | 73/308 (23.7) | 26/308 (8.4) | 0.85 (0.65, 1.11) | 1.00 (0.78, 1.28) | 0.40 (0.26, 0.60) | 0.71 (0.47, 1.06) |
| Trend | p = 0.083 | p = 0.64 | p < 0.001 | p = 0.042 | |||
| Consume meat? b | |||||||
| No | 346/511 (67.7) | 121/511 (23.7) | 44/511 (8.6) | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] |
| Yes | 463/812 (57.0) | 203/81 (25.0) | 146/812 (18.0%) | 1.14 (0.94, 1.38) | 1.00 (0.83, 1.19) | 2.09 (1.53, 2.85) | 1.25 (0.92, 1.69) |
| p = 0.19 | p = 0.96 | p < 0.001 | p = 0.16 | ||||
| Consume dairy? c | |||||||
| No | 362/561 (64.5) | 141/561 (25.1) | 58/561 (10.3) | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] |
| Yes | 447/758 (59.0) | 182/758 (24.0) | 129/758 (17.0) | 1.00 (0.83, 1.21) | 0.90 (0.75, 1.07) | 1.60 (1.21, 2.12) | 1.15 (0.88, 1.51) |
| p = 0.98 | p = 0.23 | p = 0.001 | p = 0.29 | ||||
Analyses by log‐multinomial regression. Model 1 adjusted for ongoing symptoms due to recent relapse. Model 2 further adjusted for age, sex, multiple sclerosis phenotype, clinically significant fatigue, and socioeconomic status.
Results in boldface denote statistical significance (p < 0.05).
Abbreviations: DHQ, Diet Habits Questionnaire; aPR, adjusted prevalence ratio.
Analyses for DHQ score vs. disability in Model 1 includes 1,322 people, thus excluding 24 people with missing data. Model 2 includes 1,235 people, thus excluding 111 people with missing data.
Analyses for meat consumption vs. disability in Model 1 includes 1,323 people, thus excluding 23 people with missing data. Model 2 includes 1,236 people, thus excluding 110 people with missing data.
Analyses for dairy consumption vs. disability in Model 1 includes 1,319 people, thus excluding 27 people with missing data. Model 2 includes 1,232 people, thus excluding 114 people with missing data.