TABLE 6.
Prospective relationships of baseline Diet Habits Questionnaire scores and meat and dairy consumption with subsequent change in Patient‐determined Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score severity, baseline to 2.5‐year review
| n/N (%) | Decrease disability | Increase disability | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Decrease | Stable | Increase | aRR1 | aRR2 | aRR1 | aRR2 | |
| DHQ score a | |||||||
| 32–70 | 32/267 (12.0) | 198/267 (74.2) | 37/267 (13.9) | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] |
| >70–80 | 21/302 (7.0) | 251/302 (83.1) | 30/302 (9.9) | 0.70 (0.42, 1.15) | 0.77 (0.45, 1.31) | 0.68 (0.44, 1.05) | 0.77 (0.48, 1.21) |
| >80–89 | 27/351 (7.7) | 301/351 (85.8) | 23/351 (6.6) | 0.85 (0.53, 1.36) | 1.03 (0.65, 1.64) | 0.49 (0.30, 0.80) | 0.59 (0.35, 0.99) |
| >89–100 | 25/385 (6.5) | 331/385 (86.0) | 29/385 (7.5) | 0.83 (0.51, 1.36) | 1.02 (0.62, 1.67) | 0.56 (0.36, 0.88) | 0.64 (0.40, 1.02) |
| Trend | p = 0.61 | p = 0.73 | p = 0.009 | p = 0.048 | |||
| Consume meat? b | |||||||
| No | 29/523 (5.5) | 461/523 (88.2) | 33/523 (6.3) | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] |
| Yes | 76/781 (9.7) | 619/781 (79.3) | 86/781 (11.0) | 1.28 (0.85, 1.92) | 1.17 (0.78, 1.74) | 1.86 (1.25, 2.75) | 1.76 (1.17, 2.63) |
| p = 0.23 | p = 0.45 | p = 0.002 | p = 0.006 | ||||
| Consume dairy? c | |||||||
| No | 41/565 (7.3) | 483/565 (85.5) | 41/565 (7.3) | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] | 1.00 [Reference] |
| Yes | 64/730 (8.8) | 589/730 (80.7) | 77/730 (10.6) | 1.00 (0.69, 1.43) | 0.93 (0.75, 1.34) | 1.47 (1.02, 2.11) | 1.36 (0.93, 1.99) |
| p = 0.98 | p = 0.71 | p = 0.039 | p = 0.11 | ||||
Analyses by log‐multinomial regression. Model 1 adjusted for baseline and 2.5‐year ongoing symptoms due to recent relapse. Model 2 further adjusted for age, sex, multiple sclerosis (MS) phenotype, socioeconomic status, and baseline clinically significant fatigue.
Results in boldface denote statistical significance (p < 0.05).
Abbreviations: aRR, adjusted risk ratio; DHQ, Diet Habits Questionnaire; P‐MSSS, Patient‐determined MS Severity Score.
Analyses for DHQ score vs. disability in model 1 includes 1,291 people, thus excluding 55 people with missing data. Model 2 includes 1,207 people, thus excluding 139 people with missing data.
Analyses for meat consumption vs. disability in model 1 includes 1,290 people, thus excluding 56 people with missing data. Model 2 includes 1,206 people, thus excluding 140 people with missing data.
Analyses for dairy consumption vs. disability in Model 1 includes 1,281 people, thus excluding 65 people with missing data. Model 2 includes 1,201 people, thus excluding 145 people with missing data.