TABLE 2.
Conditional logistic regression results
|
Cases (n = 24) |
Controls (n = 64) |
Univariable analyses OR (95% CI) |
Multivariable analyses a OR (95% CI) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Resected vs. non‐resected b | 4 (16.7) | 20 (31.2) | 0.4 (0.1–1.4) | 0.4 (0.1–1.4) |
| Stage | ||||
| Local disease | 1 (4.2) | 6 (9.4) | 1.3 (0.1–15.1) | 0.9 (0.1–9.6) |
| Locally advanced | 6 (25.0) | 11 (17.2) | 4.0 (0.7–24.7) | 5.7 (0.8–41.2) |
| Metastasis | 13 (54.2) | 27 (42.2) | 2.7 (0.7–10.1) | 3.1 (0.8–12.2) |
| Liver metastasis | 8 (33.3) | 21 (32.8) | 1.1 (0.4–2.9) | 1.1 (0.4–3.4) |
| Lung metastasis | 7 (29.2) | 11 (17.2) | 2.2 (0.7–7.0) | 3.2 (0.9–11.1) |
| Advanced disease | 19 (79.2) | 38 (59.4) | 2.7 (0.9–8.7) | 3.6 (1.01–12.6) |
| Surgery in 4 weeks prior to bleeding | 0 | 2 (3.1) | — | — |
| Endoscopy in 4 weeks prior to bleeding | 3 (12.5) | 3 (4.7) | 3.7 (0.6–23.0) | 3.8 (0.6–24.6) |
| Chemotherapy in 4 weeks prior to bleeding | 12 (50.0) | 29 (45.3) | 1.3 (0.5–3.5) | 1.3 (0.5–3.5) |
| Pyrimidine analogues | 5 (20.8) | 17 (26.6) | 0.8 (0.2–2.3) | 0.7 (0.2–2.5) |
| Irinotecan | 2 (8.3) | 3 (4.7) | 1.7 (0.3–10.2) | 2.4 (0.3–19.6) |
| Platinum based | 9 (37.5) | 16 (25.0) | 2.1 (0.7–6.0) | 2.4 (0.8–7.3) |
| Taxanes | 1 (4.2) | 6 (9.4) | 0.4 (0.1–3.9) | 0.2 (0.0–2.6) |
| Bevacizumab | 2 (8.3) | 3 (4.7) | 1.6 (0.3–9.4) | 1.5 (0.2–13.3) |
| Chemotherapy in week prior to bleeding | 4 (16.7) | 22 (34.4) | 0.3 (0.1–1.3) | 0.4 (0.1–1.4) |
| Corticosteroids in 2 weeks prior to bleeding | 3 (13.0) | 13 (20.3) | 0.6 (0.2–2.4) | 0.5 (0.1–2.3) |
| PPI in 2 weeks prior to bleeding | 6 (26.1) | 19 (30.2) | 0.9 (0.3–2.7) | 1.0 (0.3–3.1) |
| NSAIDs in 2 weeks prior to bleeding | 1 (4.2) | 3 (4.7) | 0.7 (0.1–7.4) | 0.7 (0.1–7.8) |
| Antiplatelet use in 2 weeks prior to bleeding | 1 (4.2) | 3 (4.7) | 1 (0.1–9.6) | 0.9 (0.1–9.6) |
| Full edoxaban dose | 16 (66.7) | 47 (74.6) | 0.6 (0.2–1.8) | 0.3 (0.1–1.4) |
| Hypertension treatment in 4 weeks prior to bleeding | 5 (20.8) | 17 (26.6) | 0.7 (0.2–2.2) | 0.8 (0.2–2.5) |
| History of overt gastrointestinal bleeding | 1 (4.7) | 3 (4.2) | 1.0 (0.1–9.6) | 1.3 (0.2–10.1) |
| Weight <60 kg in 4 weeks prior to bleeding | 4 (17.4) | 10 (16.7) | 1.2 (0.3–4.2) | 2.6 (0.4–14.6) |
| ≥1 risk factors for bleeding c | 20 (83.3) | 41 (64.1) | 3.2 (0.9–12.1) | 3.5 (0.9–13.8) |
| Hemoglobin <10 g/dl in 4 weeks prior to bleeding | 11 (45.8) | 10 (15.6) | 4.0 (1.4–11.1) | 4.8 (1.5–16.0) |
| Platelet count <150 × 109/L in 4 weeks prior to bleeding | 7 (29.2) | 12 (18.8) | 1.9 (0.6–6.3) | 1.4 (0.4–5.0) |
| Creatinine clearance <50 ml/min in 4 weeks prior to bleeding d | 2 (8.7) | 2 (3.4) | 2.7 (0.4–19.4) | 1.5 (0.2–12.6) |
Bold indicate statistical significance values.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; NSAID, non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs; OR, odds ratio; PPI, proton pump inhibitor.
Adjusted for age, sex and grouped tumor type (colorectal; hepatobiliary and pancreatic; upper gastrointestinal).
Non‐resected could be resected at baseline but reflect recurrence during the study period.
Risk factors for bleeding defined in the Hokusai VTE Cancer study as: locally advanced or metastatic cancer, brain metastasis, bevacizumab or antiplatelet use, recent surgery.
Calculated with the Cockroft and Gault formula.