TABLE 3.
Unconditional logistic regression with days since inclusion as a covariate
|
Cases (n = 24) |
Controls (n = 77) |
Univariable analyses + time since inclusion OR (95% CI) |
Multivariable analyses a OR (95% CI) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Resected vs. non‐resected b | 4 (16.7) | 22 (28.6) | 0.5 (0.1–1.6) | 0.5 (0.1–1.5) |
| Stage | ||||
| Local disease | 1 (4.2) | 7 (9.1) | 0.8 (0.1–6.8) | 0.7 (0.1–6.4) |
| Locally advanced | 6 (25.0) | 15 (19.5) | 2.2 (0.5–10.4) | 2.7 (0.6–13.8) |
| Metastasis | 13 (54.2) | 33 (42.9) | 2.1 (0.6–8.7) | 2.3 (0.7–9.6) |
| Liver metastasis | 8 (33.3) | 26 (33.8) | 1.0 (0.4–2.5) | 1.0 (0.3–2.7) |
| Lung metastasis | 7 (29.2) | 11 (14.3) | 2.5 (0.8–7.3) | 3.0 (0.9–9.5) |
| Advanced disease | 19 (79.2) | 48 (62.3) | 2.3 (0.8–7.7) | 2.6 (0.9–9.0) |
| Surgery in 4 weeks prior to bleeding | 0 | 2 (2.6) | — | — |
| Endoscopy in 4 weeks prior to bleeding | 3 (12.5) | 3 (3.9) | 3.5 (0.6–20.3) | 4.0 (0.7–25.1) |
| Chemotherapy in 4 weeks prior to bleeding | 12 (50.0) | 36 (46.8) | 1.1 (0.4–2.9) | 1.2 (0.5–3.3) |
| Pyrimidine analogues | 5 (20.8) | 21 (27.3) | 0.7 (0.2–2.0) | 0.7 (0.2–2.1) |
| Irinotecan | 2 (8.3) | 4 (5.2) | 1.6 (0.2–9.0) | 2.0 (0.2–11.9) |
| Platinum based | 9 (37.5) | 17 (22.1) | 2.1 (0.8–6.0) | 2.7 (0.9–8.0) |
| Taxanes | 1 (4.2) | 7 (9.1) | 0.4 (0.0–2.5) | 0.3 (0.0–2.4) |
| Bevacizumab | 2 (8.3) | 3 (3.9) | 2.2 (0.3–14.2) | 2.3 (0.3–17.3) |
| Chemotherapy in week prior to bleeding | 4 (16.7) | 27 (35.1) | 0.4 (0.1–1.1) | 0.4 (0.1–1.1) |
| Corticosteroids in 2 weeks prior to bleeding | 3 (13.0) | 14 (18.2) | 0.7 (0.1–2.3) | 0.6 (0.1–2.4) |
| PPI in 2 weeks prior to bleeding | 6 (26.1) | 23 (30.3) | 0.8 (0.3–2.2) | 0.9 (0.3–2.7) |
| NSAIDs in 2 weeks prior to bleeding | 1 (4.2) | 3 (3.9) | 1.1 (0.1–9.5) | 1.0 (0.0–9.1) |
| Antiplatelet use in 2 weeks prior to bleeding | 1 (4.2) | 3 (3.9) | 1.1 (0.1–8.7) | 1.1 (0.1–11.4) |
| Full edoxaban dose | 16 (66.7) | 59 (77.6) | 0.6 (0.2–1.7) | 0.4 (0.1–1.3) |
| Hypertension treatment in 4 weeks prior to bleeding | 5 (20.8) | 22 (28.6) | 0.7 (0.2–1.9) | 0.6 (0.2–2.0) |
| History of overt gastrointestinal bleeding | 1 (4.7) | 3 (4.2) | 1.0 (0.1–8.7) | 1.1 (0.1–11.1) |
| Weight <60 kg in 4 weeks prior to bleeding | 4 (17.4) | 10 (13.7) | 1.3 (0.3–4.5) | 2.8 (0.5–16.1) |
| ≥1 risk factors for bleeding c | 20 (83.3) | 51 (58.0) | 2.6 (0.8–9.8) | 2.8 (0.9–11.1) |
| Hemoglobin <10 g/dl in 4 weeks prior to bleeding | 11 (45.8) | 15 (19.5) | 3.5 (1.3–9.5) | 4.1 (1.4–12.6) |
| Platelet count <150 × 109/L in 4 weeks prior to bleeding | 7 (29.2) | 15 (19.5) | 1.7 (0.6–4.9) | 1.5 (0.5–4.4) |
| Creatinine clearance <50 ml/min in 4 weeks prior to bleeding d | 2 (8.7) | 3 (4.2) | 2.3 (0.3–15.4) | 1.5 (0.2–11.8) |
Bold indicate statistical significance values.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; NSAID, non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs; OR, odds ratio; PPI, proton pump inhibitor.
Adjusted for age, sex and grouped tumor type (colorectal; hepatobiliary and pancreatic; upper gastrointestinal).
Non‐resected could be resected at baseline but reflect recurrence during the study period.
Risk factors for bleeding defined in the Hokusai VTE Cancer study as: locally advanced or metastatic cancer, brain metastasis, bevacizumab or antiplatelet use, recent surgery.
Calculated with the Cockroft and Gault formula.