TABLE 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics
| Characteristic | Patients in the entire cohort, N = 293 | Patients with out‐of‐hospital onset, n = 201 | Patients with in‐hospital onset, n = 92 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age at SE in years | |||
| Median (IQR) | 3.8 (1.3–9.3) | 3.2 (1.2–8.9) | 4.8 (2.0–10.2) |
| Sex, n (%) | |||
| Male | 162 (55.3%) | 120 (59.7%) | 42 (45.7%) |
| Female | 131 (44.7%) | 81 (40.3%) | 50 (54.3%) |
| Race, n (%) | |||
| White | 187 (63.8%) | 126 (62.7%) | 61 (66.3%) |
| African American | 57 (19.5%) | 42 (20.9%) | 15 (16.3%) |
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 1 (.3%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (1.1%) |
| Asian | 10 (3.4%) | 5 (2.5%) | 5 (5.4%) |
| Arabic | 8 (2.7%) | 5 (2.5%) | 3 (3.3%) |
| Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | 2 (.7%) | 2 (1.0%) | 0 (0%) |
| Unknown/not reported | 28 (9.6%) | 21 (10.4%) | 7 (7.6%) |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | |||
| Hispanic or Latino | 43 (14.7%) | 32 (15.9%) | 11 (12.0%) |
| Not Hispanic or Latino | 225 (76.8%) | 150 (74.6%) | 75 (81.5%) |
| Unknown/not reported | 25 (8.5%) | 19 (9.5%) | 6 (6.5%) |
| Medical history, n (%) a | |||
| DD/ID | 154 (52.6%) | 108 (53.7%) | 46 (50.0%) |
| Cerebral palsy | 31 (10.6%) | 19 (9.5%) | 12 (13.0%) |
| History of epilepsy | 146 (49.8%) | 102 (50.7%) | 44 (47.8%) |
| History of SE | 63 (21.5%) | 40 (19.9%) | 23 (25.0%) |
| No past neurological history | 96 (32.8%) | 60 (29.9%) | 36 (39.1%) |
| Duration of convulsive SE, min | |||
| Median (IQR) | 127 (60–286) | 140 (75–300) | 108 (48–182) |
| Type of SE, n (%) | |||
| Continuous | 102 (34.8%) | 75 (37.3%) | 27 (29.3%) |
| Intermittent | 191 (65.2%) | 126 (62.7%) | 65 (70.7%) |
| Etiology of SE, n (%) | |||
| Unknown | 104 (35.5%) | 71 (35.3%) | 33 (35.9%) |
| Structural | 70 (23.9%) | 44 (21.9%) | 26 (28.3%) |
| Genetic | 57 (19.5%) | 44 (21.9%) | 13 (14.1%) |
| Metabolic | 15 (5.1%) | 9 (4.5%) | 6 (6.5%) |
| Other | 47 (16.0%) | 33 (16.4%) | 14 (15.2%) |
| Time to first BZD from seizure onset, min | |||
| Median (IQR) | 15 (5–37) | 20 (5–50) | 8 (4–20) |
| Inadequate first BZD dosing, n (%) | |||
| Yes | 166 (56.7%) | 106 (52.7%) | 60 (65.2%) |
| No | 127 (43.3%) | 95 (47.3%) | 32 (34.8%) |
| Time to first non‐BZD ASM from seizure onset, min | |||
| Median (IQR) | 63 (35–126) | 76 (45–155) | 39 (24–72) |
Abbreviations: ASM, antiseizure medication; BZD, benzodiazepine; DD, developmental delay; ID, intellectual disability; IQR, interquartile range (first quartile Q1 to third quartile Q3); SE, status epilepticus.
a
Percentages do not add up to 100% because patients may belong to more than one category.