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. 2021 Aug 6;12(11):2117–2128. doi: 10.1111/2041-210X.13686

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© 2021 The Authors. Methods in Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Ecological Society

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Simulated relationships between species richness for a hypothetical taxon and five environmental predictor variables. The upper row (a) shows the deterministic bivariate relationships (dark line) used to simulate species richness (Equation 1), with additional Gaussian noise (grey points). Row (b) shows the final species richness (SN, Equation 2) along the five predictors under ‘data‐rich’ scenario (N = 64,454). Row (c) illustrates the additional challenge inherent in modelling data‐poor situations, showing 500 samples randomly selected from row (b)