FIGURE 3.

Morphospecies richness patterns in soil communities found in the monoliths dug at 18 collection sites in Amazonia: Total number of morphospecies of (a) ants, (b) earthworms, (c) termites, (d) spiders, (e) beetles (adults only), (f) millipedes, (g) true bugs, (h) cockroaches, (i) Isopods, (j) opilionids, (k) centipedes, (l) snails, and (m) others (sum of all remaining taxa encountered, including Dermaptera, Diplura, Diptera & Lepidoptera larvae, Embioptera, Geoplanidae, Hirudinea, Neuroptera, Orthoptera, Scorpiones, Solifugae, Thysanoptera, Thelyphonida, and Vespidae), according to soil type (ADE, REF) and land‐use systems. The total number of morphospecies of each taxon (a–m) found overall is shown on the top of each graph. (n) Distribution of morphospecies (including singletons) of all macroinvertebrates according to proportion (%) of unique species found in each soil type, region, and land‐use system. (o) Numbers of morphospecies of earthworms, termites, and ants observed in both soil categories (blue bars) or uniquely in ADE (black bars) or in REF (red bars) soils, in the different regions (I, B, P) and land‐use systems (O, Y, A) across regions. A, agricultural systems; ADE, Amazonian Dark Earth; B, Belterra; I, Iranduba; O, old secondary forests; P, Porto Velho; REF, reference soils; Y, young regeneration forests