Appendix 1—figure 3. Histogram of the normalized root-mean-square deviation (NRMSD) values computed as the normalized residual between the empirical and fitted decay curves, for all the ancient DNA populations reported in Figure 2—figure supplement 1.

The red vertical line represents the value NRMSD = 0.7, which we used as the threshold to exclude populations from our analysis because visual inspection of fitted curves above this threshold suggests the results are too noisy to make a reliable inference (see Figure 2—figure supplement 1 for all fitted decay curves).