Table 4.
Clinical studies investigating the effects of aspirin use on population at risk of hepatocellular carcinoma
| Study | Study design | Data source | Liver disease etiology | Cirrhosis | Total patients* (users/non-users) | HCC | Dose | Definition of aspirin users | Follow-up (years) | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lee et al. [69] (2017) | Retrospective cohort study | University Hospital | HBV | 12.2% | 1,674 (558/1,116) | 63 | 100 mg | ≥1 filled prescription | 4.8 | aHR, 0.26 (95% CI, 0.09–0.74) |
| Lee et al. [70] (2019) | Retrospective cohort study | Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database | HBV | 17.1% | 10,615 (2,123/8,492) | NR | 100 mg | ≥90 days | NR | aHR, 0.71 (95% CI, 0.58–0.86) |
| Hui et al. [71] (2021) | Retrospective cohort study | Hong-Kong Electronic Healthcare Data Repository | HBV | 6.8% | 35,111 (11,744/33,367) | 1,488 | NR | ≥90 days | 2.7 | aHR, 0.60 (95% CI, 0.46–0.78) |
| Liao et al. [72] (2020) | Retrospective cohort study | Taiwan Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000 | HCV | ≥Moderate liver disease (1.5%) | 3,822 (1,911/1,911) | 278 | NR | NR | NR | aHR, 0.56 (95% CI, 0.43–0.72) |
| Lee et al. [73] (2020) | Retrospective cohort study | Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database | HCV | 15.7% | 7,434 (2,478/4,956) | 436 | ≤100 mg (mostly) | ≥0 days | 2.7 | aHR, 0.78 (95% CI, 0.64–0.95) |
| Du et al. [77] (2019) | Retrospective cohort study | University Hospital | HBV, HCV | 100.0% | 264 (59/205) | 41 | 100 mg | ≥1 year | 4.5 | Not treated with aspirin: HR, 6.2 (95% CI, 1.4–27.3) |
| Simon et al. [6] (2020) | Prospective cohort study | Nationwide Swedish Registry | HBV, HCV | 3.1% | 50,275 (14,205/36,070) | 1,612 | 75 mg or 160 mg | ≥90 doses | 7.9 | aHR, 0.69 (95% CI, 0.62–0.76) |
| Lee et al. [95] (2017) | Retrospective cohort study | Taiwan | NAFLD | 0.00% | 18,080 (5,602/12,478) | 41 | 100 mg | >1 day/month | 6.3 | aHR, 0.29 (95% CI, 0.12–0.68) |
| National Health Insurance Research Database | ||||||||||
| Shin et al. [76] (2020) | Retrospective cohort study | University Hospital | Alcoholic liver disease | 100.0% | 949 (224/725) | 133 | 100 mg | ≥1 filled prescription | 3.1 | aHR, 0.13 (95% CI, 0.08–0.21) |
HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HBV, hepatitis B virus; aHR, adjusted hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; NR, not reported; HCV, hepatitis C virus; NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
*
In the case of propensity score matching analysis, number of patients was estimated after matching.