. 2022 Jun 15;101(9):102010. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102010

Table 2.

Effect of B. licheniformis–fermented products and enramycin on antibiotic resistance classes in cecal digesta of broilers.

	Relative abundance (%)
	C¹	E	L	H	SEM	P value
Total ARGs abundance per sample (CPM)²	18,270.49	22,121.52	23,451.25	22,624.68	1,159.58	0.436
Peptide	20.48^a	20.22^ab	19.35^c	19.91^b	0.12	< 0.001
Macrolide	15.11^b	14.71^b	16.1^a	16.01^a	0.17	< 0.001
Glycopeptide	10.77^b	14.14^a	11.44^b	11.54^b	0.35	< 0.001
Lincosamide	9.73^b	10.52^a	10.02^b	10.99^a	0.13	< 0.001
Aminocoumarin	7.84^c	7.87^c	8.90^a	8.54^b	0.12	< 0.001
Aminoglycoside	7.20^a	6.70^b	6.71^b	6.18^c	0.10	< 0.001
Tetracycline	6.32	6.24	6.22	6.14	0.03	0.164
Mupirocin	3.82^c	3.57^d	4.28^a	4.07^b	0.07	< 0.001
Phenicol	3.69^a	2.66^c	3.25^b	3.21^b	0.10	< 0.001
Streptogramin	3.26^a	3.16^a	2.67^b	2.83^b	0.07	< 0.001
Fluoroquinolone	2.96^a	2.20^b	2.14^b	2.33^b	0.10	< 0.001
Pleuromutilin	2.79^ab	2.26^c	3.05^a	2.63^b	0.08	< 0.001
Oxazolidinone	2.38^c	2.73^b	2.93^a	2.66^b	0.05	< 0.001
Nitroimidazole	2.18^a	1.80^b	1.82^b	1.74^b	0.05	< 0.001
Carbapenem	0.46^a	0.39^ab	0.36^ab	0.33^b	0.02	0.030

C = Basal diet; E = Basal diet plus 10 mg/kg enramycin; L = Basal diet plus 1 g/kg B. licheniformis–fermented products; H = Basal diet plus 3 g/kg B. licheniformis–fermented products.

Abbreviations: ARG, antibiotic resistance gene; CPM, counts per million.

^a-d

Means in a row with no common superscript are significantly different (P ≤ 0.05).