Table 2.

BOLD signal change (Focus on Breath vs. Describe, Focus, and Describe) for the posterior cingulate cortex region of interest (PCC MNI coordinates: x = −5, y = −55, z = 23) across fMRI runs

Run	Mean	SD	t	p	Cohen’s effect size
Focus-on-Breath
OBS	-0.20	0.45	-2.54	0.02	-0.44
NF-1	-0.50	0.28	-10.30	0.00	-1.77
NF-2	-0.60	0.36	-9.66	0.00	-1.66
NF-3	-0.37	0.33	-6.56	0.00	-1.12
TR	-0.14	0.29	-2.76	0.01	-0.47
Focus
OBS	-0.13	0.39	-1.94	0.06	-0.33
NF-1	-0.38	0.28	-8.13	0.00	-1.39
NF-2	-0.35	0.31	-6.39	0.00	-1.10
NF-3	-0.27	0.36	-4.45	0.00	-0.76
TR	0.14	0.22	-3.70	0.00	-0.63
Describe
OBS	0.07	0.36	1.07	0.30	0.18
NF-1	0.12	0.31	2.22	0.03	0.38
NF-2	0.25	0.30	4.75	0.00	0.82
NF-3	0.10	0.40	1.41	0.17	0.24
TR	0.00	0.26	-0.03	0.98	-0.01

NF Neurofeedback, OBS Observe, TR Transfer