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. 2022 Jul 18;12:12241. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-16193-4

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Crystal structure of NEMO CoZi in complex with HOIP NZF1 and linear diubiquitins. (A) Schematic domain composition of HOIP and NEMO proteins. The constructs of HOIP and NEMO used for crystallization are also indicated. PUB PNGase/UBA or UBX-containing proteins, UBA ubiquitin-associated domain, UBAN ubiquitin binding in ABIN proteins and NEMO, ZF zinc finger, NZF Npl4 zinc finger, RING really interesting new gene, IBR in between RING, RBR RING-in-between-RING, LDD linear ubiquitin chain determining domain, CC coiled-coil region, LZ leucine zipper. (B) The overall structure of NEMO CoZi, HOIP NZF1, and linear diubiquitin heteropentameric complex. The NZF1 and linear diubiquitin binding sites on NEMO are separated by 25 Å. Stereo views of the interactions of NEMO with linear diubiquitin (C) and HOIP NZF1 (D). Lys309, which is also a target for ubiquitination, is shown in a red box. Lys309 is in the UBAN domain but is not involved in interactions with linear diubiquitins.