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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Pain. 2022 Jan 19;163(9):1688–1699. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002574

Table 3.

Characteristics of the target population in aggregate and by race/ethnic group (NHIS 2010–2018, US adults 18 and older)

Total White Black Hispanic Asian AIAN Multi-racial

Age (mean, s.d.) 46.8 49.0 44.3 40.8 44.4 44.5 40.4
Female 51.8 51.5 55.2 49.7 53.1 55.1 52.9
Region
 Northeast 17.7 19.0 16.0 13.6 20.3 5.5 10.8
 North Central 22.8 27.9 16.9 9.2 12.9 15.9 21.4
 South 36.3 33.4 59.0 37.0 22.8 33.9 33.5
 West 23.2 19.7 8.1 40.2 43.9 44.7 34.3
Nativity
 US-born 81.9 94.7 87.0 42.9 22.1 93.7 92.9
 In US 15+ years 11.7 3.8 7.5 37.3 46.0 3.7 5.8
 In US <15 year 6.1 1.4 5.3 18.9 31.1 2.6 1.1
 DK 0.3 0.1 0.3 1.0 0.9 0.1 0.2
Language of interview
 English 93.8 99.7 99.7 64.0 92.4 99.4 99.9
 Other 6.2 0.4 0.3 36.0 7.6 0.6 0.1
Marital status
 Married 53.4 56.9 33.7 51.6 64.8 40.0 36.9
 Previously married 19.6 20.4 23.8 15.7 10.8 24.0 20.4
 Never married 26.8 22.6 42.3 32.5 24.3 35.8 42.5
 DK 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1
Children at home
 No children 61.0 65.2 59.9 46.7 52.4 56.8 67.3
 One child 17.2 16.1 19.2 19.3 21.2 18.6 14.9
 Two or more 21.8 18.7 20.9 34.0 26.4 24.6 17.9
Education
 Less than HS or GED 15.6 10.9 18.6 35.4 9.2 25.2 14.1
 HS diploma 22.4 22.3 26.0 22.8 14.6 23.0 20.4
 Some college 19.7 20.0 23.1 17.5 13.7 23.8 28.2
 Associate degree 11.2 12.0 10.8 9.1 7.5 11.3 11.7
 Bachelor’s degree 19.6 22.0 14.0 10.1 31.3 10.5 16.2
 Master’s or more 11.2 12.6 7.0 4.2 23.2 5.1 9.3
 DK 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.6 1.0 0.2
Family income
 $0–34,999 28.5 23.9 42.6 38.4 23.0 45.6 35.7
 $35,000–74,999 28.5 28.3 28.2 31.7 23.4 26.8 26.6
 $75,000–99,999 11.6 12.7 8.5 9.3 11.8 9.1 11.1
 $100,000+ 23.7 27.6 12.6 13.1 33.0 11.2 20.9
 DK 7.6 7.5 8.1 7.6 8.9 7.4 5.8
Home ownership
 Owns home 66.0 73.8 47.2 49.8 60.8 55.9 54.5
 Rents 31.7 23.9 49.9 48.0 37.0 41.0 41.9
 Other 2.4 2.3 2.9 2.2 2.2 3.1 3.6
N 273,972 172,782 36,357 43,160 15,289 1,920 4,464

Weighted percent shown for all variables except age where weighted mean is shown.

Design-adjusted F-tests show that all variables differ significantly across the race/ethnic groups at p<.001.

All racial categories other than Hispanic are Non-Hispanic. AIAN=American Indian/Alaska Native, or Native American.