Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of APS patients with or without AMI.
| Overall (n = 239) | With AMI (n = 29) | Without AMI (n = 210) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age of onset (years) | 45.0 ± 17.4 | 47.9 ± 17.8 | 44.6 ± 17.3 | 0.342 |
| Gender (M/F) | 29/210 | 9/20 | 66/144 | 0.966 |
| Clinical criteria manifestation | ||||
| Venous thrombosis, n (%) | 141 (58.9) | 8 (27.6) | 133 (63.3) | <0.001 |
| Pregnancy morbidity, n (%) | 32 (13.4) | 4 (13.8) | 28 (13.3) | 0.946 |
| Primary APS, n (%) | 93 (38.9) | 13 (44.8) | 80 (38.1) | 0.486 |
| Multiple organ thrombosis, n (%) | 88 (36.8) | 16 (55.1) | 72 (34.3) | 0.029 |
| Thrombotic events≥2, n (%) | 89 (37.2) | 17 (58.6) | 72 (34.3) | 0.011 |
| Laboratory criteria manifestation | ||||
| aCL + (n, %) | 174 (72.8) | 22 (75.9) | 152 (72.4) | 0.693 |
| aCL (U/L) | 19.1 (8.28, 52.96) | 31.2 (10.5, 64.8) | 17.3 (8.2, 46.9) | 0.140 |
| Anti-β2 GPI +, n (%) | 147 (61.5) | 21 (72.4) | 126 (60) | 0.198 |
| Anti-β2 GPI (RU/mL) | 39.47 (11.13, 115.43) | 53.9 (17.2, 150.4) | 38.6 (9.9, 110.6) | 0.183 |
| LA +, n (%) | 173 (72.4) | 23 (79.3) | 150 (71.4) | 0.374 |
| LA | 1.40 (1.22, 1.78) | 1.57 (1.33, 1.98) | 1.37 (1.22, 1.76) | 0.148 |
| High-risk aPL, n (%) | 177 (74.0) | 25 (86.2) | 152 (72.4) | 0.111 |
| Triple positive, n (%) | 95 (39.7) | 15 (51.7) | 80 (38.1) | 0.160 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Smoking, n (%) | 49 (20.5) | 9 (31.0) | 40 (19.0) | 0.134 |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 51 (21.3) | 9 (31.0) | 42 (20) | 0.174 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 90 (37.6) | 12 (41.4) | 78 (37.1) | 0.659 |
| Atherosclerosis, n (%) | 68 (28.4) | 18 (62.1) | 50 (23.8) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 36 (15.1) | 6 (20.7) | 30 (14.3) | 0.366 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease, n (%) | 5 (2.1) | 2 (6.9) | 3 (1.4) | 0.054 |
| Chronic kidney disease, n (%) | 23 (9.6) | 1 (3.4) | 22 (10.5) | 0.229 |
| Hyperuricemia, n (%) | 29 (12.1) | 1 (3.4) | 28 (13.3) | 0.126 |
| Accompanied autoimmune disease, n (%) | 144 (60.2) | 16 (55.2) | 128 (60.1) | 0.551 |
| Laboratory manifestations | ||||
| White blood cell count (×109/L) | 5.93 (4.42, 8.10) | 6.94 (5.08, 9.92) | 5.65 (4.38, 7.88) | 0.054 |
| Neutrophils (×109/L) | 3.88 (2.67, 6.10) | 4.68 (3.25, 8.17) | 3.71 (2.64, 5.80) | 0.036 |
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | 120 (100, 136) | 123 (96.5, 143) | 120 (101, 134) | 0.851 |
| Platelet (×109/L) | 148 (72, 218) | 150 (70, 221) | 147 (75, 210) | 0.962 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.20 (3.49, 5.04) | 3.95 (3.33, 5.32) | 4.24 (3.49, 5.00) | 0.779 |
| Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 1.43 (1.09, 2.06) | 1.47 (1.09, 2.08) | 1.42 (1.09, 2.06) | 0.624 |
| Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.40 (1.98, 3.14) | 2.28 (1.77, 3.08) | 2.46 (1.99, 3.15) | 0.291 |
| High density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.08 ± 0.42 | 1.20 ± 0.54 | 1.07 ± 0.42 | 0.097 |
| C reactive protein (mg/L) | 3.7 (1.1, 16.4) | 3.0 (1.12, 7.0) | 4.2 (1.1, 18.8) | 0.187 |
| Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (mm/h) | 23 (9, 57) | 23 (9, 58) | 21 (11, 48) | 0.956 |
| Immunoglobulin A (g/L) | 2.57 (1.60, 3.62) | 2.20 (1.61, 3.04) | 2.59 (1.60 3.70) | 0.503 |
| Immunoglobulin G (g/L) | 13.60 (10.30, 17.50) | 13.50 (11.25, 17.20) | 13.60 (10.07, 17.50) | 0.734 |
| Immunoglobulin M (g/L) | 1.12 (0.69, 1.74) | 0.91 (0.56, 1.47) | 1.13 (0.72, 1.77) | 0.169 |
| Complement 3 (g/L) | 0.79 (0.59, 1.00) | 0.74 (0.55, 1.07) | 0.80 (0.60, 1.00) | 0.545 |
| Complement 4 (g/L) | 0.16 (0.11, 0.24) | 0.15 (0.08, 0.20) | 0.17 (0.11, 0.24) | 0.127 |
| ANA≥1:80, n (%) | 133 (55.6) | 16 (55.2) | 117 (55.7) | 0.956 |
| aGAPSS | 10 (7, 13) | 13 (9, 14) | 10 (7, 13) | 0.214 |
APS, antiphospholipid syndrome; aCL, anticardiolipin antibody; Anti-β2GPI, anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibody; LA, lupus anticoagulant; AMI, acute myocardial infarction; GPI, glycoprotein domain I; aPL, antiphospholipid antibody; ANA, antinuclear antibody; aGAPSS, adjusted Global Antiphospholipid Syndrome Score. The bold values means significantly different (p <0.05).