Table. Baseline Characteristics of Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock and Propensity-Matched Patients Receiving an IABP or Intravascular LVAD.
| Characteristic | No. (%) | P value | Propensity-matched cohort | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IABP (n = 2219) | Intravascular LVAD (n = 858) | No. (%) | Standardized mean difference | |||
| IABP (n = 817) | Intravascular LVAD (n = 817) | |||||
| Demographics | ||||||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 65.0 (12.5) | 65.6 (12.6) | .23 | 66.1 (12.7) | 65.7 (125) | −0.03 |
| Sex | ||||||
| Female | 643 (29) | 242 (28) | .68 | 218 (27) | 231 (28) | 0.04 |
| Male | 1576 (71) | 616 (72) | 599 (73) | 586 (72) | ||
| Ratio of race and ethnicity at zip code level, mean (SD) | ||||||
| African American/Black | 0.09 (0.2) | 0.11 (0.2) | <.001 | 0.10 (0.2) | 0.11 (0.2) | 0.03 |
| Hispanic | 0.12 (0.2) | 0.12 (0.2) | .99 | 0.12 (0.2) | 0.12 (0.2) | 0.01 |
| White | 0.80 (0.2) | 0.77 (0.2) | <.001 | 0.78 (0.2) | 0.78 (0.2) | 0.02 |
| Health plan type | ||||||
| HMO | 394 (18) | 152 (18) | .92 | 144 (18) | 149 (18) | 0.00 |
| PPO | 1592 (72) | 620 (72) | 591 (72) | 587 (72) | ||
| Other | 232 (11) | 86 (10) | 82 (10) | 81 (10) | ||
| Geographic region | ||||||
| Northeast | 368 (17) | 100 (12) | <.001 | 96 (12) | 98 (12) | 0.03 |
| Midwest | 678 (31) | 212 (25) | 202 (25) | 208 (25) | ||
| South | 604 (27) | 301 (35) | 280 (34) | 284 (35) | ||
| West | 497 (22) | 219 (26) | 223 (27) | 212 (26) | ||
| Mean socioeconomic status index, %a | 54.4 (5.8) | 53.9 (5.8) | .05 | 54.2 (5.8) | 54.0 (5.8) | 0.007 |
| Year of index admission | ||||||
| 2015 | 451 (20) | 54 (6) | <.001 | 58 (7) | 53 (6) | 0.06 |
| 2016 | 496 (22) | 97 (12) | 90 (11) | 96 (12) | ||
| 2017 | 451 (20) | 174 (20) | 178 (22) | 171 (21) | ||
| 2018 | 321 (14) | 219 (25) | 201 (25) | 201 (24) | ||
| 2019 | 383 (17) | 246 (29) | 224 (27) | 230 (28) | ||
| 2020 (Up to April 30) | 117 (5) | 68 (8) | 66 (8) | 66 (8) | ||
| Cardiac arrestb | 685 (31) | 301 (35) | .022 | 285 (35) | 288 (35) | 0.007 |
| Comorbidities | ||||||
| Charlson Comorbidity Index score, mean (SD) | 1.5 (2.2) | 1.9 (2.5) | <.001 | 1.8 (2.3) | 1.8 (2.4) | 0.02 |
| Hypertension | 1157 (52) | 485 (57) | .02 | 457 (56) | 459 (56) | 0.00 |
| Dyslipidemia | 911 (41) | 379 (44) | .08 | 354 (43) | 354 (43) | 0.00 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 615 (28) | 272 (32) | .02 | 249 (30) | 253 (31) | 0.01 |
| Tobacco use | 303 (14) | 131 (15) | .26 | 119 (15) | 121 (15) | 0.01 |
| Obesity | 177 (8) | 80 (9) | .18 | 78 (10) | 75 (9) | −0.01 |
| Previous PCI | 44 (2) | 21 (2) | .10 | 21 (3) | 18 (2) | −0.02 |
| Previous CABG | <10 (<1)c | <10 (1)c | .15 | <10 (<1)c | <10 (<1)c | 0.00 |
| Heart failure | 264 (12) | 163 (19) | <.001 | 147 (18) | 143 (18) | −0.01 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 154 (7) | 88 (10) | .002 | 82 (10) | 79(10) | 0.01 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 189 (9) | 83 (10) | .36 | 84 (10) | 78 (10) | −0.02 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 235 (11) | 146 (17) | <.001 | 123 (15) | 125 (15) | 0.01 |
| Chronic lung disease | 222 (10) | 116 (14) | .006 | 97 (12) | 104 (13) | 0.03 |
| Cancer | 189 (9) | 66 (8) | .65 | 60 (7) | 63 (8) | 0.01 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 271 (12) | 154 (18) | <.001 | 136 (17) | 137 (17) | 0.00 |
Abbreviations: CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; HMO, health maintenance organization; IABP, intra-aortic balloon pump; LVAD, left ventricular assist device; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; PPO, preferred provider organization.
a
Based on zip code.
b
From first medical contact to the day of device implantation.
c
Groups with fewer than 10 patients are shown as “<10” to preserve patient confidentiality.